THE ORCHID REVIEW. 345 



•shrivelling of the pseudobulbs may be all right in some few cases, but 

 excessive shrivelling must at all times be avoided. In varied and mixed 

 collections it is often a difficult matter to give each individual plant an ideal 

 position, but this may often be overcome by placing the various species by 

 themselves, thus giving each section a position suitable for its requirements 

 in the way of light and warmth. 



In order to facilitate the wintering of Orchids we will divide them into 

 three groups. Firstly, we will take the deciduous ones, amongst which 

 will be found the following : — Thunias, Mormodes, Cycnoches, Catasetums, 

 ■Chysis, Anguloas, Cyrtopodiums, Calanthes (deciduous) and many others, 

 particularly those having large and succulent pseudobulbs. These are all 

 more or less capable of withstanding drought from now onward until new 

 growth appears at some time in the spring ; they may therefore occupy the 

 driest and lightest positions in their respective compartments, and receive 

 practically no water throughout the winter other than what is required 

 to keep them from shrivelling to excess, and then only a slight surface 

 watering is necessary. Never on any account saturate the whole compost. 

 Secondly, may be included the other pseudobulbous species as, for instance, 

 Cattleyas, Laelias, Odontoglossums, Coelogynes, Oncidiums, Epidendrums, 

 Lycastes, Maxillarias, Stanhopeas, &c. These will not withstand so much 

 drought as the former kinds, but should be given a fairly dry treatment. 

 Thirdly, we have those species which are growing more or less all the year, 

 and have no marked season of inactivity ; some of these have pseudobulbs, 

 such as Zygopetalums, Miltonias, Cymbidiums, Cochliodas, and various 

 species from other genera, su^h as Laelia purpurata, Odontoglossum 

 crispum, &c, together with a great number of those having no pseudo- 

 bulbs, such as Cypripediums, Saccolabiums, Vandas, Sobralias, Phalsenopsis, 

 Phaiuses, Masdevallias, Angraecums, and Aerides. These should not be 

 allowed to become too dry at the root, but, on the other hand, should not 

 be too freely watered — just enough to keep them plump and in a healthy 

 condition is needed throughout the winter, and for this very little will 

 suffice. 



The knowledge of giving water at the right time to any particular plant, 

 in order to keep it healthy and in a sound condition, is only acquired by 

 practical experience ; also the application of the same is important. Some 

 require to be partially submerged, others completely so. Some should 

 have the surface slightly moistened, and some the base of receptacle dipped 

 only. Thus it is no easy task to lay down any strict rule except for general 

 guidance. 



House Cleaning. — We have approached the time of year when light 

 is essential to aid the maturing of Orchids, and so that this may be carried 

 •out, all glass, inside and out, should now be washed. The stages and all 



