BUTTER-MAKING 



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snow-white color the sample had given up all of its moisture. 

 The appearance of the dirty-brown color was a sure indication 

 that all of the moisture had passed off, and if the sample was 

 not removed from the flame at this point, some of the butter 

 would volatilize. 



When butter is heated in a direct flame, it is difficult to drive 

 off all of the moisture and yet not volatilize some of the fat. 

 In order to obviate this serious difficulty, a thin sheet of asbestos 

 was placed between the flame and the container of the sample. 

 The device worked admirably. A heat high enough to drive 

 off all of the moisture is obtained, but the flame is so tempered 



Fig. 51. — Cornell butter-moisture scale by which the percentage of moisture 

 can be read direct. 



by the sheet of asbestos that the sample of butter will not char 

 unless left on the sheet of asbestos an unnecessary length of 

 time. The asbestos sheet is often employed in culinary work 

 for the same purpose as in this test. 



The apparatus used in the Cornell moisture test is an alcohol 

 lamp, stand, asbestos sheet, hot pan lifter, aluminum cup for 

 holding the sample, and a special moisture scale. The scale 

 is specially adapted for moisture work, but may be used as a 

 cream scale in operating the Babcock test (see Fig. 51). 



The scale has a tare weight for balancing the cup and a large 

 and small weight for weighing the sample and obtaining the 

 percentage of moisture. The beam has two rows of figures 



