CONDENSED AND POWDERED MILK 457 



temperature the more rapid is the curdling process and the 

 firmer the curd. This makes it unfit for cooking purposes. 

 In the commercial production of evaporated milk, the product 

 must be sterilized in the cans at a very high temperature in 

 order to insure a good keeping quality. It is obvious, therefore, 

 that if milk is delivered to the factory with a slight excess of 

 acidity it would probably be impossible to sterilize the product 

 obtained from it without producing a hard curd, which would 

 make the product absolutely unsalable, and thus a total loss 

 to the manufacturer. Furthermore, excessive acidity, which 

 is principally caused by improper care and handling of the milk, 

 is not the only condition that may render milk unfit for con- 

 densing. Other undesirable qualities of the milk may also be 

 induced by poor health and improper care of the cows, by the 

 kind and the condition of their feed, and by many other de- 

 tails of imperfect management of the dairy farms. 



The services of experts thoroughly qualified by training and 

 long experience in this particular line will be required to detect 

 and guard against these unfavorable conditions. 



Fourth. Adequate facilities for marketing constitute another 

 essential to the commercial success of a condensed-milk plant. 

 Commercial success, of course, implies a profitable market for 

 the product — a market which is readily and directly accessible 

 to the plant without adding excessively to the cost of manufac- 

 ture, either in the form of high freight rates or long hauls from 

 the condensery to a railroad. As already indicated, the success- 

 ful manufacture of condensed milk on a commercial scale 

 requires a large output of the finished product — a very much 

 larger output than is likely to be consumed in the local market ; 

 therefore, in selecting a location, favorable transportation 

 facilities to a good market or markets are a consideration of 

 vital importance to ultimate success. 



Fifth. In establishing and operating a condensery the neces- 

 sity of adequate capital is another important question. The 



