THE PROBLEM OF ANTIQUITY OF MAN IN AUSTRALIA 35 
on the skull he finds that it falls within the range of modern 
aboriginal skulls, to which it is similar in all respects. Campbell 
(1943) says that the intact, major portion of the Cohuna dental 
arch is typical of a large aboriginal dental arch. 
Shellshear (1939) described a partly mineralized normal abori- 
ginal skull found on the beach of Stradbroke Island, Queensland. 
The flexed, desiccated body of an aboriginal partly encrusted 
with stalagmite was was found in one of the Mosquito Plain caves 
near Mount Gambier, South Australia (Woods, 1862). It was 
exhibited in a number of towns in Australia and Tasmania as 
a **Petrified Woman,’’ and is reported to be now in a Berlin 
museum. It was probably a recent burial similar to that described 
by Tindale and Mountford (1936). Other records of recent human 
remains found in caves are given by Etheridge (1893) and by 
Etheridge and Trickett (1905); as a rule aborigines fear dark 
caves and do not enter them. 
Artefacts 
At the Doone tin mine in north-eastern Tasmania, stanniferous 
sands and gravels were treated by sluicing the sides of an open 
cut with a powerful jet of water. A stone implement was found 
in material brought down by sluicing, and David (1923) claimed 
that it is contemporaneous with the stanniferous sands which he 
believed to be Pleistocene in age and of fluvio-glacial origin. The 
writer of this paper examined the implement soon afterwards and 
noticed that one side was more weathered than the other, which 
suggested that it had long lain on the surface of the ground and 
had then fallen into the open cut. Meston (1936) gave reasons 
for believing that it had fallen from the surface and that it is of 
recent origin. 
In the Derwent Valley, Tasmania, is a midden which Lewis 
(1934) correlated with the Yolande-Margaret (Riss-Wiirm) inter- 
glacial phase, but Meston has shown that it is almost certainly 
modern. 
Consolidated calcareous dunes in the Warrnambool district, 
Victoria, extend along the coast and are overlain in places by 
bedded tuff ejected from Tower Hill. These dunes may have been 
formed during one of the Pleistocene glacial phases (Hills, 
1938 a). The dune rock was formerly quarried for building pur- 
poses, and some of the slabs bore impressions of footprints of 
large struthious birds. In 1890 a slab quarried at a depth of 
50 ft. displayed impressions supposed to resemble human foot- 
prints and also marks such as would be made by two people sitting 
side by side on soft sand (Officer, 1892). The specimen is in the 
