THE PROBLEM OF ANTIQUITY OF MAN IN AUSTRALIA 15 
record correspond so closely to maxima and minima in the solar 
radiation curve that there seem to be sound reasons for correlating 
them. In Central Europe there were four Pleistocene glacial 
phases—the Wiirm, the Riss, the Mindel and the Giinz—each with 
60° 
WA oh ALATA WAM TAN 
SSAA WN 
R 
: Se ; OO 0 00 _ 250 \R, 200° 150 “00 0 
FIG. 1. 
Milankovitch’s Solar Radiation Curve. (From Zeuner, 1935.) 
more than one climax of cold; these are dated from the solar 
radiation curve as follows: 
Years Years 
Post-glacial . .. .. -- Interglacial M/R . —- 
MMPS ons pitas wee DOO Mindel 2... .. .. 430,000 
Wirm2........ 67,000 Mindell. .. .. .. 472,000 
PETES Ban 5 cena 2 AO AIOO Interglacial G/M .  — 
Interglacial R/W . 143,000 Giinz 2. yo eee ot 
| iat > ee £5201 0 Giinz1......... 586,000 
BRINE cabs ble n2s" we <4 xs, OOOO 
According to this chronology, Homo heidelbergensis flourished 
about 130,000 years ago, and H. sapiens migrated into Europe 
after the close of Wiirm 1 about 40,000 years later; palaeolithic 
culture in Central Europe dates back about 400,000 years; meso- 
lithic appeared after the close of Wiirm glaciation; and neolithic 
began 7,500 years ago. In the Near East neolithic culture began 
earlier. 
RELATIVE DURATIONS 
2 
72 
g5 Se ee 
2 samme hes SR ISAAC, 
G.- M. MINDEL-RISS INTERGLACIAL R-W 
eC Ker INTERGL! 
400.000 YEARS AGO 300.000 YEARS AGO Catal 
FIG. 2. 
Penck and Briickner’s Pleistocene Time Dragon. 
