THE KEILOR FOSSIL SKULL: PALATE AND UPPER DENTAL ARCH = 75 
there is a fair amount of inter-proximal wear. The teeth, though 
well worn, show no caries. There is some recession of the alveolar 
bony margins, but in life there was only slight if any pyorrhoea; 
post-mortem abrasion probably accounts for the slight loss of bone 
at the necks of the teeth. 
It is possible to record only the mesio-distal and bucco-lingual 
diameters of the crowns of the teeth. These measurements were 
carefully taken, but are only approximate, since the crowns are 
worn by attrition; those on the left side are too worn for measure- 
ment. 
With vernier callipers readings were taken to one-tenth of a 
millimetre. The crown measurements are the projective readings 
taken with callipers placed at right angles to the long axis of the 
teeth as shown in fig. 4. The terminology is that used by Black (1). 
MEsI0-DISTAL DIAMETERS. 
2nd Premolar Ist Molar 2nd Molar 3rd Molar 
Keilor Skull 7:1 11:2 9-9 9-7 
Recent Aust. 7°23(6°5-8°25) 11-43(10-13) 10°93(10-12°5) 10°3(8-13 
Tasmanian 7°6(6°2-8°8) = 11°3(10°2-12-2) 11(10-12°5) 10°3(8°9-12:5) 
BUCCO-LINGUAL DIAMETERS. 
2nd Premolar Ist Molar 2nd Molar 3rd Molar 
Keilor Skull 10-6 13:2 13 12 
Recent Aust. 10°4(8°5-12) —-:12-84(11-5-14-75) 13-1(11-16) — 12:33(10-15) 
Tasmanian . 10°5(9-5-12°3) 12:7(11°4-14) —-13(11-8-14°8)  12-5(11-13-7) 
SuMMARY AND DISCUSSION. 
Typical Tasmanian and Australian palates and dental arches 
are shown in Plate XI for comparison with those of the Keilor 
specimen. , 
In the table below, measurements of the Keilor Skull and corre- 
sponding measurements of recent Australian and ‘Tasmanian 
skulls are set out. 
Keilor Australian Tasmanian 
Gy 56:5 51-5(46°5-59°5) 49(40°5-59) 
G, (YY) 47-2 39 (32-44°5) 38°6(31-45°5) 
EH 1375 10°95(7-17°5) 9-1(3:2-13) 
(Pr) Al.Sta. 59-5 57°8(51-°5-67°5) 52:9(48:7-57:4) 
(Pr) ALSp. 64°5 62°7(51-73) 56°8(52:3-66) 
Su.Sta. 16°3 12:7(8-17:5) 9:9(6:2-14:7) 
Fo.Su. DISe 29:°4( 20-35) 30°5(27:2-35°8) 
p-p. 41 * 34:2(30-41) 35°5( 32-41) 
oe 3e°5 26°4(22°5-31) 26°8(23:°7-33) 
Pd. 11 * §8°85(4-15) 7°5(3°5-10°8) 
Max.L. 61:3 60°5 (54-67 ) 56°4(51°5-61°5) 
25, 71:5 62°1(56-75°5) 63°8(57°5-71) 
