240 ORDER LEP1DOPTERA. 



black hairy dots, except that on the eleventh ring there is only one large dot. Sides' 

 of the back marked by a reddish stripe, which is lordered by slender black lines : 

 they have also a yellow stripe between two Mack lines. Belly blue-black. ELakris. 



This caterpillar inhabits oaks and walnuts : less common on the cheery and apple. It 

 attains its full size in June, and is then two inches long. It is also social in its habits, and 

 constructs tents like the C. americana. 



The moth appears early in September, and is of a light drab, brownish or yellowish 

 color. The anterior wings are marked by two oblique, brown, straight, and parallel lines. 

 The greatest expansion of wing is a little less than two inches. 



The trees upon which the caterpillars of these moths feed are injured in the manner 

 represented in the foregoing sketch ; and though few persons are so patriotic as to give 

 their services to the public for the purpose of destroying noxious insects, much private 

 benefit would accrue from the extermination of these forest caterpillars. To this end, our 

 special friends the birds come in aid, and rid us of thousands of them : the cuckoo, cat- 

 bird, robin, jay, and many others feed upon them, and thus diminish their numbers very 

 materially. The murderous gun should therefore never be pointed at birds who make it 

 their business to serve us so effectually, especially as we stem little disposed to do any 

 thins this way for ourselves ; and even were the disposition not lacking on our part, the 

 birds are certainly better adapted to do the work, and, no doubt, if spared by the fowler, 

 wouli be competent, from their consequent increase of numbers, to hold the increase of 

 insects s>> much in check as to save us from serious danger from that source. Indeed any 

 man has a perfect right to prevent the destruction of birds, on the same ground that he 

 has a risrht to protect himself from personal harm. 



The direct means for destroying the forest tent caterpillar are the same as required in 

 the case of the C. americana, namely, destruction of the webs and their contents at the 

 proper time, that is, when the inhabitants are at home. 



Clisiocampa neustoria. ( Plate xxxvii. fiir. '2 - 4, and a, g, pupa and larva.) 



Primaries of the male pale sulphur-yellow, marked with two distinct dark brown bands : 

 the outer margin banded with brown, interrupted with two oblong sulphur-yellow 

 spots near the outer angle. Secondaries dull brown, with a deeper marginal stripe 

 parallel to the posterior margin,and marked with deeper brown also on the nervures 

 running from the base to the posterior mamin. Female yellow, inclining to orange on 

 the primaries, with the same distribution of brown and brown stripes as in the male. 



Caterpillar green, with a row of oblong white spots on the back, enclosed in rectangular 

 markings of yellow, which are formed by two yellow parallel stripes upon the sides 

 of the back, connected regularly with serrated cross bands : enclosed rectangles 

 shaded with black. Head brown. Body furnished laterally with greenish and yellow 



