Industrial Niagara 



the falls, and at the lower end to excavate a room in the shale 1905 

 and limestone large enough for the generating machinery. From 

 this underground power station, a nearby horizontal tunnel would 

 carry the tail water from the wheels to some point near the foot 

 of the falls. 



Perhaps the most interesting suggestion in the way of new 

 power developments at Niagara, is that to sink a vertical shaft 

 at the upper end of Goat Island, and then to excavate a nearly 

 horizontal tunnel from the foot of this shaft to the lower 

 end of the island, near the water level in the gorge. The power 

 plant in this plan may be located either at the upper end of the 

 island and have an equipment of vertical shafts, wheels and 

 generators, or at the lower end of the island and near the tail 

 water level. 



Among the types of power development now represented at 

 the falls, that with the vertical shaft or pit near an intake, the 

 wheels at the bottom of this pit, and the generators at the tops of 

 vertical shafts in a power house above, is the most common. 

 This plan, first executed by the Niagara Power Company at their 

 two generating stations on the American side of the great cata- 

 ract, has since been followed by the Canadian Niagara Power 

 Company and the Toronto & Niagara Power Company, whose 

 plants are both located on the Canadian side of the falls. 



Prior to the developments with deep wheel pits and long dis- 

 charge tunnels, came that of the Niagara Falls Hydraulic Power 

 and Manufacturing Company with its open surface canal extend- 

 ing from the intake above to the cliffs below the falls, and its 

 power house at the foot of the cliff. This type of plant has its 

 latest development in the works of the Ontario Power Company, 

 whose generating station is being built in the gorge near the foot 

 of Horse Shoe Falls; in this case, however, a long line of steel 

 pipe, instead of a canal, brings water from the upper river. 



In each of these types of development, whether it be the pit 

 and tunnel with power house at the level of the upper river or 



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