54 PHYSOSTOML 



the Snowdon lakes ; to the Gillaroo trout of Ireland, remarkable for the great 

 thickness of its stomach, though it does not otherwise differ from the common 

 trout; and, lastly, to some in Scotch lakes that are spotted very differently from 

 the common sorts, which he suspected to be a distinct species, but of which he 

 makes no farther mention. He likewise alluded to how trout vary in size, and 

 referred to the Fordwich form, in Kent, which attains to nearly that of the salmon ; 

 to the Buddaghs of Lough Neagh, in Ireland, some of which have been known to 

 weigh 30 lb. He also remarked upon trout, the flesh of which was both of the red 

 and white kind, although captured during the same season in two contiguous 

 streams in Cardiganshire, one of which invariably produced the red and the other 

 the white variety. 



Turton admitted into the British fauna, 1807 — (1) the salmon, Salmo salar ; 

 (2) the shewen, Salmo eriox, to which he referred Donovan's sewen ; (3) the salmon 

 trout, Salmo trutta ; (4) the common trout, Salmo fario ; (5) the white salmon, 

 Salmo phinoc ; and (6) the samlet, Salmo salmulus. 



Fleming, in his History of British Animals, 1828, gave first those anadromous 

 forms that have a forked tail, as (1) the common salmon, Salmo salar ; (2) the 

 bull trout, Salmo hucho, which is little inferior to the salmon in size, but more 

 elongated, and has white and insipid flesh, but which he states has no teeth on 

 the vomer ; (3) the phinock or white trout, Salmo albus, which seldom attains to 

 a foot in length, and is common in the seas and rivers of Scotland and the North 

 of England. Secondly, anadromous forms with even tails, as (4) the sea trout, 

 Salmo trutta, of which he considered the samlet or parr to be the young of this or 

 of the salmon, the migrations of the two almost coinciding ; (5) the gray trout, 

 Salmo eriox, including S. cambricus, and found in the sea and in rivers. Lastly, 

 forms stationary in rivers, as (6) the common trout, Salmo fario, remarking of 

 the Gillaroo variety that when it feeds on shell-fish the coats of the stomach 

 acquire a thickness similar to the gizzards of birds. 



Agassiz, Brit. Assoc. 1834, only admitted (1) Salmo salar; (2) S. trutta; (3) 

 S. fario, and (4) the charr S. umbla. 



Jenyns, in his Manual of British Vertebrate Animals, 1835, included (1) 

 the common salmon ; (2) the bull trout or gray salmon, S. eriox ; (3) the sea trout, 

 S. trutta, inhabiting the sea and rivers, identical with the salmon-trout of the 

 London markets and the white trout of Pennant and Fleming ; (4) the common 

 trout, S. fario, with its variety the Gillaroo ; (5) the great lake trout, S. ferox, 

 which he believed to be identical with S. lacustris } of Berkenhout, though Agassiz 

 believed not of continental authors. 



Yarrell, in his History of British Fishes, 1836, gave (1) the salmon ; (2) the 

 bull trout or gray trout, S. eriox and S. cambricus ; (3) the salmon trout, S. trutta; 

 (4) the parr or samlet, S. salmulus; (5) the common trout; (6) the great lake 

 trout ; and in a later edition (J 7 ) the Loch Leven trout, S. levenensis. 



Knox added Salmo estuarius in 1855. 



Parnell in 1838, in his prize essay on the Fishes of the Firth of Forth, 

 entered very fully into his views respecting the Salmonidce. He admitted (1) the 

 salmon ; (2) the bull trout, S. eriox, of which he enumerates and figures the 

 following varieties which he has obtained in the Firth of Forth: — a salmon spotted 

 bull trout, a few spotted bull trout, a thickly spotted bull trout, a large headed 

 bull trout, a curved spotted bull trout, a crescent tailed bull trout, a Norway bull 

 trout, and a salmon bull trout identical with S. trutta of Jenyns and Yarrell ; (3) 

 salmon trout, S. trutta, which is likewise the same as S. albus of Fleming ; (4) 

 the parr ; (5) the common trout ; (6) the Loch Leven trout. 



Jardine, in his British Salmonidas, 1839, figured (1) the salmon ; (2) the 

 phinock ; (3) the great lake trout ; (4) the common trout and varieties ; (5) the 

 Solway migratory trout ; (6) the salmon trout. 



"White, in the list of the specimens of British animals in the National Museum 

 enumerated in 1851 (1) the common salmon; (2) the sea trout; (3) the bull or 

 gray trout ; (4) the common trout ; (5) and the great lake trout. 



Thompson, in his Natural History of Ireland, 1856, gave — (1) the salmon, 

 including the parr ; (2) the gray or bull trout, S. eriox ; (3) the salmon trout ; (4) 



