SCOMBRESOOID^E. 147 



In the very young tbe upper jaw is very short, as in the tropical Hemiramplms, 

 but gradually increases with age until it becomes almost as long as the mandible. 



1. Belone vulgaris, Plate CXXVII, figs. 1, la, 16. 



Acus, Rondel, i, p. 257 ; Gesner. Aquat. iv, p. 9 ; Salv. p. 68, f . 8 ; Aldrov. 

 Pise. p. 106. 



Acus vulgaris, Willughby, p. 231, t. P2, fig. 4; Ray, Syn. Pise. p. 109. Esox, 

 Gronov. Zooph. no. 362, and Mus. Ich. i, p. 10, no. 30. Gar-pilce, Pennant, Brit. 

 Zool. (Ed. 1776) iii, p. 324, pi. lxiii, fig. 154 (Ed. 1812) iii, p. 429, pi. lxxiv. 

 Mastacembelus, Klein, Pise. Miss, iv, t. iii, f. 2. 



Esox belone, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 517 ; Gmel. Linn. p. 1391 ; Brun. Ich. Mass. 

 p. 79 ; Bloch, t. xxxiii ; Bl. Schn. p. 391 ; Bonnaterre, Ency. Ich. p. 175, pi. lxxii, 

 f. 297 ; Lacep. v, p. 308, pi. vii, f. 1 ; Mull. Fauna Dan. p. 49 ; Donovan, Brit. 

 Fish, iii, pi. lxiv ; Turton, Brit. Fauna, p. 105; Risso, Ich. Nice, p. 330; Nard. 

 Prod. Adr. Ich. no. 143. 



Belone vulgaris, Flem. Brit. An. p. 184 ; Jenyns, Man. p. 418 ; Ekstrom. Fis. 

 Movko, p. 72; Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. 1837 (2) i, p. 410; Parnell, Wern. 

 Mem. vii, p. 274; Johnston, Berwick. Nat. F. Club, 1838, p. 172 ; Yarrell, Brit. 

 Fish. (ed. 1) i, p. 391, c. fig. (ed. 2) i, p. 442 (ed. 3) i, p. 459; Cuv. and Val. 

 xviii, p. 399 ; White, Catal. p. 71 ; Nilss. Skand. Faun. Fisk. iv, p. 354 ; Thompson, 

 Nat. Hist. Ireland, iv, p. 141 ; Schlegel, Dieren Neder. p. 156, pi. xiii, f. 5 ; 

 Giinther, Catal. vi, p. 254 ; Collett, Norges Fiske, p. 176 ; Winther, Prod. Ich. Dan. 

 Mar. p. 46 ; Mcintosh, Fish. St. Andrew's, p. 181 ; Moreau, Poiss. France, iii, 

 p. 470. 



Belone acus, Risso, Eur. Merid. iii, p. 443 ; Cuv. and Val. xviii, p. 414 ; Giinther, 

 Catal. vi, p. 251. 



Belone rostrata, Faber, Fische Isl. p. 152 ; Ekstrom, Morko, p. 72 ; Kroyer 

 Dan. Fisk. iii, p. 255, c. fig. 



Rhamphistoma vulgaris, Swainson, Fish, ii, p. 297. 



Macrognathus scolopax, Gronov. ed. Gray, p. 147. 



Belone Linnei, Malm, Fauna, p. 553. 



Garfish, Couch, Fish. Brit. Isles, iv, p. 146, pi. ccix. 



(Young.) 



Eemiramphus Europeus, Yarrell, Mag. Nat. Hist. 1837, p. 505, and Brit. 

 Fishes (ed. 2) i, p. 450, c. fig. (ed. 3) i, p. 469 ; Couch, Zoologist, 1848, p. 1978, 

 figs, cl, e, and Fish. Brit. Isles, iv, p. 135, pi. ccviii ; White, Catal. p. 72. 



Esox Brasiliensis, Couch, Trans. Linn. Soc. xiv, p. 85. 



Hemiramplius obtusus, Couch, Zool. p. 1978, figs, a-c, and Fish. Brit. Isles, iv, 

 p. 139, pi. ccviii, fig. 2 ; White, Catal. p. 72. 



Hemiramplms balthicus, Hornsckuch. 



Hemiramphus belinii, Van der Hoeven. 



B. xii, D. (17)18-20 (yr^), P. 13, V. 6, A. 22-23 (^l^), C. 15-16, Vert. 52/28. 



Length of head 3j to 4, of caudal fin 7i, height of body 15 to 16 in the total 

 length. Eyes — large, 2\ to 2f diameters in the length of the postorbital portion 

 of the head, 6k to 7 diameters from the end of the upper jaw, and 1| diameters apart. 

 Upper surface of head not grooved : some slight grooves about the superciliary 

 region. Mamillaries concealed by the preorbital. Upper jaw not so long as the lower, 

 which latter has a soft termination. Teeth — small, in some examples a small oval 

 patch is pi-esent on the vomer, in others it is absent. Fins — the anterior dorsal 

 rays are elevated forming a lobe, while the posterior ones are of about the same 

 length and terminate opposite the anal ones, which is some distance from the base 

 of the caudal fin. Pectoral, if turned forward, does not reach the eye. Ventral 

 situated nearly midway between the opei'cle and the base of the caudal fin. 

 Caudal forked, lower lobe the longer. The free portion of the tail compressed, 

 neai'ly twice as long as high, and deeper than broad. Colours — of a sea-green or 

 bluish-green along the back, becoming of a changeable blue and purple along the 

 sides, and silvery white beneath. 



. Fleming (Brit. Anim. 1828, p. 184) observes upon Esox Brasiliensis, Couch, 



10* 



