198 PHYSOSTOMI. 



Genus VIII — Alburnus, Heckel. 



Body rather elongated and compressed. Upper jaw protractile. Lower jaw 

 projecting beyond the upper : lips thin, the lower labial fold being interrupted 

 opposite the symphysis of the lower jaw. Barbels absent. Pharyngeal teeth hooked, 

 and in two rows. Gill-rakers slender and closely set. Dorsal fin spineless, with few 

 rays (10-11) and situated above and opposite the interspace between the ventral and 

 anal fins ; anal fin with many rays (19-23). Scales of medium size. Lateral-line, 

 present and passing to the lower half of the base of the caudal fin. Abdominal edge, 

 posterior to the ventral fins, compressed into a keel, across ivhich the scales do not 

 extend. 



Geographical distribution. — The rather numerous species of this genus are 

 found in Europe and Western Asia ; they are silvery fishes of small size. 



1. Alburnus lucidus, Plate CXXXVII, fig. 1. 



Alburnus, Auson. v, p. 126 ; Rondel. Pise. Fluv. p. 208. Cyprinus, Jonston, 

 lib. iii, t. iii, c. iv, p. 159, t. xxix, f. 13 ; Willugh. p. 263, t. Q10, f. 7 ; Ray, 

 Piscium, p. 123 ; Gronov. Zooph. p. 106, no. 336 ; Artedi, Gen. p. 6, no. 18, Spec. 

 p. 17, no. 7, Synon. p. 10, no. 19. Leuciscus, sp. Klein, Pise. MSS. v, p. 68, no. 16, 

 t. xviii, f. 3. Bleak, Pennant, Brit. Zool. (Ed. 1776) iii, p. 370, pi. lxxiii (Ed. 

 1812) iii, p. 487, pi. lxxxiv. Able ordinaire, Duhamel, Peches, ii, pi. xxxii, f. 1. 



Cyprinus alburnus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 531 ; Bloch, Ichthy. Deuts. i, p. 47, t. 

 viii, f . 4 ; Gmel. Linn. p. 1434 ; Shaw, v, t. 132 ; Bonnaterre, Ency. Ich. p. 201, 

 pi. lxxxiii, f . 343 ; Bl. Schn. p. 437 ; Lacep. v, pp. 500, 589 ; Donovan, Brit. 

 Fishes, pi. xviii ; Turton, Brit. Fauna, p. 109 ; Jenyns, Manual, p. 414 ; Pall. 

 Zoo. Ross. -Ass. iii, p. 321 ; Fries, and Eks. Skan. Fisk. p. 203, t. Ii ; Gronov. ed. 

 Gray, p. 184; Schlegel, Dieren Neder. p. 117, pi. xii, f. 1. 



Leuciscus alburnus, Fleming, Brit. Anim. p. 188 ; Cuv. and Val. xvii, p. 438 ; 

 Swainson, Fish, ii, p. 285 ; Tarrell, Brit. Fishes (ed. 1) i, p. 368, c. fig. (ed. 2) i, 

 p. 419 (ed. 3) i, p. 438; White, Catal. p. 67. 



Aspius alburnus, Agass. Mem. Soc. Sc. Nat. Neuch. i, p. 38 ; Krbyer, Dan. 

 Fisk. iii, p. 485 ; Feddersen, Danske Fers. Fiske, p. 90. 



Abramis alburnus, Ekstr. Morko, p. 53 ; Nilss. Skan. Faun, iv, p. 337. 



Aspius alburnoides, Selys-Longch. Faun. Belg. p. 214 ; Cuv. and Val. xvii, 

 p. 186. 



Alburnus lucidus, Heckel and Kner, Suss. w. f. p. 131, f. 67 and 68; Siebold, 

 Suss. w. f . p. 154 ; Malmgr. in Wiegm. Arch, xxx, p. 315 ; Blanchard, Poiss. 

 France, p. 364, figs. 78, 79 ; Gunther, Catal. vii, p. 312 ; Collett, Norges Fiske, 

 p. 184 ; Moreau, Poissons France, iii, p. 403. 



Alburnus breviceps, Heck, and Kner, Suss. w. f. p. 134, f. 69. 



Alburnus Linnei, Malm. Fauna, p. 568. 



Alburnus mirandella and fabrcei, Blanchard, 1. c. pp. 369, 370, figs. 80, 81. 



Bleak, Couch, Fish. Brit. Isles, iv, p. 56, pi. exev ; Houghton, British Fresh- 

 water Fishes, p. 61, c. fig. 



B. iii, D. 10-11 (f:|), P. 16-17, V. 9-10, A. 19-23 ( T f:f^) C. 19, L, 1. 47-57, 

 L. tr. |-:|, Vert. *<£§*. 



Length of head, h\ to 6, of caudal fin 5-£ to 5f-, height of body 4-| to 5£ in the 

 total length. Eyes — diameter 3^ to 3| in the length of the head, 1 diameter 

 from the end of the snout, and \\ apart. Body rather elongated and com- 

 pressed. Mouth anterior, directed obliquely upwards, lower jaw with a slight 



