LAMNID^E. 297 



Family II— LAMNIDjE. 



Mouth inferior, crescentic. Spiracles, if present, small. No nictitating 

 membrane to the eye. Gill-openings as a rule wide. The first dorsal fin situated 

 above the interspace between the pectoral and the ventral : an anal fin present. 



The following Genera have representatives in our seas : — 



1. Lamna. — Teeth lanceolate, large, and with smooth edges. A keel at the 

 side of the tail. 



2. Alopias. — Teeth triangular, flat, and of moderate size, with smooth 

 edges. Caudal fin of great length. No keel at the side of the tail (p. 301). 



3. Selache. — Teeth very small, numerous, conical and smooth. A keel at 

 the side of the tail (p. 304). 



Genus I — Lamna, Cuvier. 



Oxyrldna, Agassiz : Isurus, Rafin. 



Mouth wide. Spiracles, if present, minute. Teeth large, lanceolate, and with 

 smooth edges, occasionally with basal cusps. Gill-openings very large. Second 

 dorsal and anal fins small. A pit at the root of the caudal fin, the lower lobe of 

 which- is well marked. A heel at the side of the tail. 



Geographical distribution. — Temperate and tropical seas. 



1. Lamna cornubica, Plate CLVI. 



Canis carcharias, Aldrov. p. 383, c. fig. Habrand, Ascan. Icon. pi. xxxi. 

 Porbeagle, Borlase, Cornwall, p. 265, pi. xxvi, f . 4 ; Pennant, Brit. Zool. (Ed. 

 1776) i'ii, p. 117 (Ed. 1812) hi, p. 152, and Beaumaris shark (Ed. 1776) hi, p. 118, 

 pi. xvii (Ed. 1812) hi, p. 154, pi. xx ; Goodenough, Trans. Linn. Soc. hi, p. 80, 

 pi. xv. Touille-bosuf, Loutre, and Taupe de mer, Duhamel, Peches, ix, p. 298, 

 pi. xx, f. 4. 



Squalus cornubicus, Gmel. Linn, i, p. 1497; Lacep. i, p. 216; Bl. Schn. 

 p. 132 ; Donovan, Brit. Fish, v, pi. cviii ; Turton, Brit. Fauna, p. 113 ; Risso, 

 lch. Nice, p. 29 ; Neill, Wern. Mem. i, p. 549 ; Blainville, Fauna France, p. 96, 

 pi. xiv, f . 2 ; Jenyns, Manual, p. 500 ; Fries and Ekstr. p. 135, t. xxx ; 

 Templeton, M. N. H. 1837 (2) i, p. 413; Johnston, Berwick. N. H. F. C. 

 1838, i, p. 175. 



Squalus nasus and Pennantii, Walb. Artedi, hi, p. 517 ; Bonnaterre, Ency. 

 Ich. p. 10, pi. lxxxv, f. 350. 



Squalus glaucus, Gunner, Norsk. Vid. Selsk. Skr. iv, p. 1. 



Sijiadusmonensis, Shaw, Zool. v, 2, p. 350; Jenyns, 1. c. p. 501; Tai'rell, Brit. 

 Fish. (ed. 1) h, p. 387, c. fig. 



Isurus i>.rijri vclius, Raff. Caratt. p. 12, t. xih, f. 1. 



Lamia cornuhicus, Risso, Ich. hi, p. 124. 



Lamna cornubica, Cuv. Regne Anim. ; Fleming, Brit. An.- p. 168 ; Muller and 

 Henlc, p. 07; Yarrell, Brit. Fishes (ed. 1), h, p. 384, c. fig. (ed. 2), ii, p. 515 

 (ed. 3), ii, p. 498 ; Parnell, Wern. Mem. vii, p. 413 ; Swainson, Fishes, ii, p. 314 ; 

 Bonap. Faun. Ital. Pesc. pi. cxxxiv, fig. 2 ; Schlegel, Fauna Japon. Poiss. 

 p. 304 ; Thompson, Nat. Hist. Ireland, iv, p. 251 ; Richards. Fish. China and 

 Japan, p. 304 ; Krtiyer, Damn. Fisk. hi, p. 852, c. fig. ; Nilss. Skand. Faun, iv, 

 p. 718; Dumcril, lch. i, p. 405; Bocage and Capello, Peix. Plagiost. p. 12; 



