f 
T4 Scientific Intelligence. 
Alpine materials. Finally, of the ne distinct zones of moraines 
which flank the Bavarian Alps, the outermost is unconformably 
overlain by stratified aie and sae: loss, and other peripheral 
representatives of the newer “ diluvium,” which must have been 
deposited sottemryorariéousl y with the moraines of the inner zone ; 
moraines are without such coverin Alike from the 
sag from the “ inter-glacial” coal, from ‘the flood deposits, 
and from the moraines of the Alps, then, the recurrence of eras o 
Gletial climate is determined; and in each case the intervals 
separating the successive ice- periods are shown to have been far 
too great to be explained as results of temporary oscillation of the 
ice-sheet, or even of Crollian inter-glacial periods. 
In the third section it is shown that the glacial deposits of the 
Bavarian plateau are equivalent to a layer 36 m. in average thick- 
ness over the whole area whence the materials were derived; yet, 
since even this enormous volume is far less than the total content of 
the excavated depressions of the area, it appears that the config- 
uration of this portion of the Alps must be due to pre-glacial 
stream-work, and that glacial erosion must have only served to 
modify the preéxistent topography. It is further shown b 
detailed consideration of the phenomena of individual cases that 
most of the larger lakes of upper Bavaria occupy basins scooped 
out yy glaciers, and the multifarious sbieutions to the general 
hypothesis of glacial excavation of lake-basins are discussed at 
len ‘Sea and as | applied ‘¢ o the seein in pi ion, proven to be 
aller Bavarian lakes are shown to generally lie in local depres- 
sions in the irregular drift-surface 
After thorough consideration of current glacial theories in the 
light of the phenomena «! the area specially described, of different 
regions previously visited by the author, and of other lands, the 
theory of glacial climate enunciated by Wallace in “Island Life”* 
is unreservedly adopted. 
ndices contain details as to altitudes at which erratic 
material occur, and directions of glacial striz. Table I is a con- 
spect of the idanstlloations of Alpine glacial deposits hitherto 
proposed, and table II is a systematic stratigraphical and _histori- 
cal conspectus of the Quaternary phenomena of the Alps, Map 
. I represents the area described, ane map II the present ae for- 
mer epee: of the ache ig of the earth. 
ork has already been fully. ood by Richthofen,} and 
has ants ‘actned at length in the Geological Magazine.t In view 
of the thorough, liberal and comprehensive treatment of the dif- 
ferent phases of the subject taken up, the present writer is im- 
* — Mr. W. J. McGee’s paper in the following number of this Journal. 
erh. Erdk., Berlin, 1882, 565-577. 
Ss x, 1883, 177-183. 
