240 ’ Scientific Intelligence. 
extract allowed to cool, and the separated flocks filtered off and 
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teeta white. The yield was 200 grams. As thus prepared, 
saponin is a white amorphous powder, neutral in reaction, an 
when abashutely tte tasteless. It is soluble in every prope 
in water, insoluble absolute alcohol and ether. The most di- 
lute aqueous solutions, froth like solutions of soap. It conten 
24 per cent of ash, chiefly potassium, calcium and magnesium 
carbonates. Ana alysis. led to the formula C,,H,,O,,. By adding 
barium hydrate to its eonerns + Bad + ron tets was obtained 
having the formula (C,,H,,0,,) reatment with 
acetic oxide, the opeeo. ay net has giving pi C, H,,(C ‘ 
,0),0,, or C,,H,,(C,H,O etn according to the time 
of the action. From eo 2 Fa a author concludes: (1) 
that the formula of saponin is C,,H,.O,,; (1) that five of the oxy- 
gen atoms are in the form of hydroxyl and two in that of com- 
ined oxygen doubly united to = carbon. Of the nature of the 
other three no conclusion can be drawn. Hence the formula may 
be written C,, Hl? EE) O80 5 43) di by the action of the acetyl 
oxide, the five hydroxyls are first replaced by acetyl and subse- 
quently the two oxygen atoms successively, are made linking and 
unite the acetyls to the carbon, as in the case of aldehyde baa 
ethylene oxide. age ebig’s Ann., cexvili, 231, May, 1883. G. F. 
7. On a New organic acid in the ’ Juice of the Beet Rosh 
Vow Lippmann has examined the incrustations formed upon the 
pans in which beet juice is evaporated. Beside citric, aconitic, 
tricarballylic, and malonic acids, he has now isolated a new acid, 
which was obtained by fractional solution in ether and evapora- 
tion. The resulting syrup after standing two years became @ 
mass of needle-shaped crystals, soluble in water, alcohol and ether 
and niet the formula C,H,O,. The barium salt is (C,H,O,), 
Ba,, (H,O),, the acid being tribasic. This acid appears to be 
identical with the oxycitric acid described me Pawolleck, pre- 
pared from chlorcitric acid, itself obtained from aconitic acid by 
union with hypochlorous acid; t hough Pawolleck could not ob- 
H,—C OH CH, 00 OOH 
| OH 
e-coomt ; <CooH °<coon Pecans 
H 
C<cooH CCH yh 5 C<OH 
“COOH OOOH... oun 
' Aconitic acid. Tricarballylic acid. Citric acid, Oxycitric acid. 
C,H, CHO. 
—Ber. Berl. Chem. Ges., xvi, 1078, May, 1883. G. F. Be 
