E.. Loomis 
Contributions to® Meteorology. 17 
In nearly all of the other cases in the table, the evidence of 
a cyclonic movement of the winds about the rain center is 
equally clear. In order to give a more distinct idea of the 
nature of the evidence, I subjoin the preceding table showing 
the direction of the winds at a few of the stations near Trieste 
at the time of the rain-fall of two inches at the latter place. 
The table shows all the cases which occurred at this station 
during the three years 1878, 1879 and 1880. 
n nearly all of these cases the evidence of a cyclonic move- 
ment of the winds about a center not far from Trieste is un- 
case of No. 10 the low center was on the east side of the stations 
shown in the table; but at several stations farther east, the 
winds blew from an eastern quarter. 
The preceding discussion appears to me to warrant the fol- 
lowing conclusions. 
ases of very heavy rain-fall in Europe almost invariably 
Occur within or near ‘an area of low pressure, but a great rain- 
fall. is frequently due to a local cyclone of moderate extent 
formed within or near a large area of low pressure. This 
remark applies not merely to those cases in the table in which 
the rain-center was on the west side of the center of low pres- 
sure, but also to many of the cases in which it was on the east 
side. Whenever the movement of the winds about a center of 
low pressure is feeble, there frequently results a local disturb- 
ance attended by a cyclonic motion of the winds and a con- 
siderable precipitation of vapor; and this is generally associated 
With a subordinate area of low pressure which sometimes ex- 
tends and attains considerable magnitude. In many cases, this 
Precipitation of vapor appears to be due to the influence of 
Mountains by which the air when set in motion is deflected 
upward. 
2. These rain-falls most frequently occur on the east side of 
an area of low pressure. In 1879, the cases in which a heavy 
rain-fall occurred on the east side of a low center, were nearly 
Six times as numerous as those on the west side; and even if 
We count all those cases marked N or S, as having occurred on 
the west side of the low center, we shall still find the cases on 
the east side to be nearly four times as numerous as those on 
the west side. 
8. Nearly four-fifths of the cases enumerated in the table on 
page 12 occurred at stations south of lat. 48°, so that the con- 
clusions above stated apply primarily to southern Europe, an 
Wwe cannot fail to notice a marked correspondence between the — 
Am. Jour. Sco1,.—Tuirp Serius, Vor. XXV, No. 145.—Janvary, 1883, 
2 : 
