286 J. B. Elliotti—Age of the Southern Appalachians. 
ble to the underlying hornblende slates, there is afforded 
a starting point for the classification of the rocks of the Blue 
Ridge. The existence of such a line of division becomes a 
factor of fundamental importance in the determination of the 
age of these metamorphosed strata. Not only does Professor 
Tuomey assert unconformability, but he represents in his section 
the existence of an anticlinal axis of which Cesar’s Head and 
Table Rock are the eastern and western declivities. He fur- 
thermore teaches that the great gneiss bed was deposited over 
a preéxisting anticlinal in the underlying hornblende slates, 
and that a subsequent upheaval along the same anticlinal axis 
produced anew an anticlinal in the gneiss-bed. 
The road from Greenville to Ceesar’s Head passes over a not 
very hilly country. The formations passed over are in a state 
of almost complete decomposition, but here and there along the 
road the stratification could be plainly seen. The formations 
and 4th), these formations are regarded as the metamorphosed 
equivalents of the Knox sandstone and shale. 
s the road ascends the Saluda range to the Head it grad- 
ually traverses the entire thickness of the great gneiss bed that 
forms the chain. The gneiss appeared in heavy massive beds, 
with dip N.E. 15°. there layers of hornblende 
slates were noticed mingled with the gneiss. The slates, though 
more irregular and broken and varying locally in dip, did not 
at any point show general unconformability. The gneiss cap 
at Czesar’s Head was found to be of great thickness. At the 
point of the Head several hundred feet of it are exposed in 4 
vertical precipice, the mass being composed of heavy layers of 
4 gneiss lying one upon the other, with dip N.E. about 1s 
=22==5=.= === short distance down this ravine a partial ex: 
SS = posure of hornblende slate was seen. in th? 
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