296 J. B. Elliott—Ayge of the Southern Appalachians. 
CoNCLUSIONS. © 
The characteristics from which conclusions can be drawp 
concerning the age of the formations crossed in the several 
sections, are: 
Relative position, lithological peculiarities and topography. 
In these conclusions the fourth section will be considered 
first. The formation that permits no question as to its ge0- 
logical place is the marble bed at Jasper. No one who ex- 
amines the Jasper marble and the marble at Murphy can 
hesitate as to the identity of the two. Professor Bradley, who 
examined the marble at Elijay, regarded that also as the same. 
aking this as a fixed horizon from which age can be reckoned 
we find at Jasper a gneiss underlying the marble and so situ- 
ated as to leave but little doubt that it is the equivalent of the 
Knox sandstone. is gneiss has certain characteristics that 
softer, and even ‘“‘sandy,” while the Ocoee is quartzitic an 
dense; in being thin bedded, while the Ocoee is generally 
thick bedded and massive; in bei 
semi-metamorphic shales (also light colored where metamorph- 
ism 1s partial) which constitute by far the greater mass of the 
formation into which the two classes of rocks enter. These 
peculiarities when once recognized enable the observer to 
identify these formations wherever seen. 
The light colored gneiss was found in the N.W. dips of Wolf 
Mountain east of the Ducktown synclinal. They were found 
found between Jasper and Talking Rock in strata that were, 
from other considerations, deemed to be Knox. This same 
- dove-colored gneiss was found near Hendersonville where ib 
was judged to be above the supposed Ocoee of Caesar's Head 
and Table Rock. In all of these positions the gneiss forma- 
tions are associated with semi-metamorphic shales, or where 
metamorphism is more complete, with hydromica schists. a 
