Geology and Mineralogy. 409 
land, with reference to the position in them of bones of the Irish 
E Those of the Ballybetagh bay, about nine miles southeast 
of Dublin, have first (1) a lining of tenacious clay resting on 
bowlder clay, within this at bottom (2) a yellowish gray bed, 
slightly clayey, consisting chiefly of vegetable matter; next (3), 
a bed of dark brownish clay containing remains of Megaceros ; 
that the bones are found only in No, 3, and that during the thirty 
years past, nearly one hundred eda have been found in this 
bog (almost all males), with scarcely six skeletons. The stage of 
growth of the antlers—whose average weight is sixty pounds— 
shows that the animals were mired at different times during the 
ear. 
The clay No. 4 is regarded by the author as having been de- 
posited during the second Giacial epoch, and the stones it contains 
are attributed to the ice and frosts of that time. In this clay the 
author found the antler of a Reindeer, and this is regarded as cor- 
roborative of his conclusion, The broken state of the bones of the 
Megaceros is attributed to — pressure of the overlying mass or 
masses of ice. o human implements occur in the clay, leading 
to the conclusion that ‘‘man had hardly appeared in Ireland,” and 
that the Megaceros was exterminated not by man, but b 
augmenting cold of the approaching Glacial era. All these infer- 
ences are stated to be sustained by the facts from other Irish 
bogs. 
8. The Tertiary Lake Basin of tec Bede etd s by 8. 
H. Scupprr. pp. 279-300 of the Bulletin i, No. 2, of the 
U.S. Geol. and Geogr. Survey, under Dr. RY. “Hay den (De t. of 
the Interior).—Mr. Seudder — in this paper the ects, 
characters, paleontology and age the remarkable lacustri 
deposits of Florissant, Colorado, an illustrates the subject icin a 
map. His observations in the region were made in 1877, along 
with Mr. A. Lakes, whose geological notes are incorporated, and 
also Mr. F. C. Bowditch. The lake-basin, nearly nine miles long, 
according to the map, occupies a low depression among the moun- 
tains at the southern extremity of the Front Range of Colorado 
i s Peak,” a i 
vestigations by Mr. M. E. Wadsworth, is tufaceous; and the 
Shales are “simply the finer material = the tufas laid down in 
laminw of varying thickness «nd coarseness.” The shales at this 
place are about 224 feet thick. The fossils from the Florissant 
shales include:—of Hymezopterous insects, several species of 
