iti 2 
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a ae he he Eis 
Geology and Natural History. 487 
ments of trees, “like a fallen forest, or rather like a Pvgoitee natu- 
ral river-raft.” A thin film of coal occurs on so e specimens, 
“but in most cases sy wood looks as if it had esl couvented 
gested origin of the lake-basins by the eroding action of a great 
ancient St. Lawr River, he makes the modifying statement 
that the lake basins “although they may have baton traversed by 
a great river were not properly excavated by it,” ut by the gen- 
eral abr ading action of rills and streams from ‘the rains descend- 
ing the slopes into it, and probably by the removal of subjacent 
limestone beds by underm mining erosion. To make the drainage 
system through the Great Lakes complete, so that the excavation 
by river action could be carried through to the sea, it is nerered - 
to find an outlet for Lake Ontario cut down over 600 feet below 
the channel of the St. Lawrence, for the lake is over “700 feet 
red Se and on this point no facts or satisfactory suggestions are 
give 
2. "First Annual Report of the U. 8. Geological Survey; by 
CLarencr Kina, Director. 79 pp. r oy. 8vo. Washington, 1880. 
—This volume (recendly issued) ee in reports from Mr. 
review of the work done during the year ~eenae June 30, 1880. 
hese summaries ar omi 
by A. Haeuer; esd oe of Lake gg ‘and their 
continuation through Minnesota, by R. D. Irvine; History of 
the Comstock mines, by Evtor Lorp; the Comstock Lode, by G. 
Becker; Mechanical hg, used in Mining and Milling 
on the Comstock Lode, by W. R. Ecxarr; Coal of the United 
States, by R. PuMpE.ty ; — ae in the United States, by R. 
I y Crarence Kine; Uinkaret 
Plateau, by C. E. Duron ; Te. Bonneville by G. K. Grpert ; 
Dinocerata, by wilde ee 0. ©. 
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8. The Kam of Mair es . STONE. ogi 
From the Proceedings of the Boston Socie said of ce es 
xx, 430-469.—The author describes “kames” as observed by 
