406 A. E. Muavine Fauna off New England Coast. 
Arr. XLVIII.— Notice of the remarkable Marine Fauna oceupy- 
re the outer banks off the Southern Coast of New England, No. 
b VERRILL. (Brief Contributions to Zoology 
dee re Museum of Yale College: No. LIL) 
Parasmilia Lymani Pourtales. Far ot modes of gr owth 
and 7 
PoURTALES mentions that in ae cup-coral the young bud 
out from the inside of the parent-calicles and burst them, by 
their normal growth. So that, afterwards, they remain at- 
tached to fragments of their own parents. "This is probably 
an erroneous explanation uf facts identical with some a those 
that I have observe ave dredged this coral in co 
re numbers, and of Laser size than those described and 
ured by Pourt ales In each locality nearly all the specimens 
are attached, at base, to the inner surface of fragments, more 
or less old and Aiscolore of the same coral, as observed by 
Pourtales. Mor. have been able to collect a series 
er, 
sufficient to fully aotuohselate that all these cases are instances 
of buds arising from the inner or septal surfaces of such speci- 
mens as have been accidentally broken or crushed. The coral 
is very fragile and bas a tendency to split longitudinally into 
wedge-shaped segments when it breaks. Hach fragment then 
has the power of developing from its still living internal tis- 
sues, and especially from the membrane (endoderm) sihali 
the septa, one or more buds, which then ata up into cornu- 
copia-shaped cups, like the parent. In m P 
single large bu will start from near the Sued end of a hiiee 
piece; such a bud will grow up into a regular, more or less 
curved, srotilue or elliptical cup, with a thick base, continuous 
in part with the original fragment ; the coste and septa of the 
old fragment are perfectly coincident with the costa and septa 
of the new coral on the outer or marginal side; examples of 
this kind, in all stages of development, were taken ; one of 
these buds is 14™ broad at base and 17™™ high on the peat 
mal side, 7" high on the distal side: another is 13™™" broa 
base and 23™" high; another is 10™ broad at base, 22™™ high, 
ee cirenlar calicle 14" broad; another is 6™™ broad at base, 
™ high, the ng Sr calieles 20 by 25™". In several cases 
or buds starting close together, from a spel fragment, or 
from two imperfectly meperabed pieces, have grown together 
more or less completely, so as to pedis e a double ealicle, the 
two halves either equal or unequal, and separated by a con- 
striction, but with two septal centers and columelle, and two 
distinct mouths. The largest example of this kind j ape 
