4 THE ORCHID REVIEW. 
lection in the country. It was under the charge of Joseph Paxton, who 
gradually introduced a more rational method of treatment, and with most 
beneficial results. Lindley visited Chatsworth in 1838, and thus recorded 
his impressions :—‘‘ The success with which epiphytes are cultivated by 
Mr. Paxton is wonderful, and the climate in which this is effected, instead 
of being so hot and damp that the plants can only be seen with as much 
peril as if one had to visit them in an Indian Jungle, is as mild and 
pleasant as Maderia.”” In 1834 Paxton commenced the publication of his 
Magazine of Botany, and in the earlier volumes may be traced the steps by 
which he gradually emancipated himself from the prevailing errors. His 
teachings and example, it is hardly necessary to add, were not lost on his 
contemporaries, and the growing success gradually led to a great extension 
in Orchid culture. 
Our third period may have said to have opened with a series of articles 
in the Gardeners’ Chronicle for 1851, entitled ‘‘ Orchids for the Millibn,” by 
Mr. B. S. Williams, then gardener to Mr. Charles B. Warner, at Hoddes- 
don,which ultimately developed into the well-known Orchid Growers’ Manual, 
a work whose influence on Orchid Culture may be estimated by the fact 
that it has since gone through seven editions. 
The second great event of this third period was the inauguration of the 
process of hybridization, by Mr. Dominy, in Messrs. James Veitch & Sons’ 
Nursery. In October, 1856, Dominy startled the Orchidic world by 
flowering his first hybrid Orchid, Calanthe x Dominii, which drew from 
Dr. Lindley the weighty remark, ‘‘ Why, you will drive the botanists mad.” 
The seed had been sown in 1854. Dominy began to hybridize Orchids at 
Exeter in 1853, and continued the work for upwards of ten years, during 
which time he raised a series of twenty-five distinct hybrids. The influ- 
ence of his work upon the development of Orchid culture can scarcely 
be estimated ; suffice it to say that to-day almost everybody raises hybrid 
Orchids, and that it is tothe hybridist rather than to the importer that we 
now look for a succession of novelties. The history of the question has been 
exhaustively treated in these pages, and here we must leave it. 
One other great event of this period must be mentioned, namely the 
introduction of the numerous Odontoglossums and other cool Orchids from 
the great Andine chain. A few had already been introduced, but as 
rapidly lost. Now, however, commenced the era of the cultivation of 
“Cool Orchids.” The knowledge of their existence had gradually been 
accumulating, and a determined effort was now made to introduce them 
alive. Accordingly in 1863 we find Weir, Blunt, and Schlim all starting 
for New Granada in search of them. They travelled respectively for the 
Horticultural Society, Messrs. Hugh Low and Co., and Mr. Linden, and it 
is recorded as a curious coincidence that the three collectors named all 
