Bodies in the Solid State at high Temperatures. 387 
boiling splashed up the side of the tube and on to the bulb of 
the thermometer, where it froze into a solid mass, as represented 
in fig. 2. By this means the ice was obtained in moderately 
thin layers. The tube at the points indicated by the arrows 
was then strongly heated by the flame of a Bunsen’s burner, 
with the following results 
The ice attached to the sition of the tube at first slightly fused, 
because the steam evolved from the surface of the ice next the 
glass being imprisoned between the latter and the overlying 
strata of ice, could not escape, and hence produced pressure 
sufficient to cause fusion, but as soon as a vent-hole had been 
made fusion ceased, and the whole remained in a solid state, 
and neither the ice on the sides of the tube nor that on the bulb 
of the thermometer could be melted, however great the heat 
applied, the ice merely volatilizing without previous melting. 
The thermometer rose to te m peratures varying between 120° and 
180° in different experiments, when the ice ‘had either wholly 
volatilized or had become detached from the bulb of the eee 
mometer. ‘The ice attached to the sy ae did not partially fuse 
at the commencement of the heating because, the heat reaching 
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9 
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the outer surface of the ice first. e vaporation could take place 
from a free surface and the v: apor not become imprisoned, as 
was the case with the ice attached to the sides of the tube. 
These experiments were repeated many times and always 
With the same result. except in one case in which the heat 
pals 
