Geology and Mineralogy. 407 
masses Spa ap Rouges, Oisans). There were also other move- 
— after the deposit of the Mesozoic strata, but of less extent. 
Raslolarians ‘hebaoleshieiy | making for the most part the 
ye beds of Tuscany.—Dr. PANTANELLI hei woe ished a 
paper on the anes jaspers in mp Transactions of t . Ac- 
cademia dei Lincei (Rome), 1880, giving the results of the micro- 
scopic study of the Tuscan beds of j Lersewigy in the Eocene, Creta- — 
Lias e quart 
number being Troportionatl largest, aceon to observations 
hitherto made, between 5000 and 10,000 
4, Fossil Sponge-Spsenle Jrom the oe Chalk, found in the 
interior of a single ase Jrom Horstead in Norfolk ; , by 
Grorce Jennines Hinpr, F.G.S. 84 pp. 8vo, with 5 pla ates. 
Inaugural Dissertation. abe, 1880.—The material aes wt 
rom an interior closed cavity of a mass of flint and re- 
setabied fine eragll Vai — a from i, 10 ot id 
kinds, with the s onges, being far 2 most abunda om The 
abundance of the sponge spicules sustains the author’s panei 
that flint nodules of the Gha k have resulted from the aggre 
ti 
e author remarks that only two or three Radiolarians are = 
known from the Chalk formation. The plates are crowded w 
excellent figures of the spicules. 
5. Vertebrates of the Permian of Texas.—Professor E. D. Corr 
has a second paper on this subject in the Proceedings of the 
American _ Philosophical Someiy: xix, 38 (1880). ghigga a r Cope 
describes in this memoir two species of Theropleura Cope (near 
the Bbgnahosephalia), one of Dimetrodon Cope, one fe Diadectes, 
two of Helodectes Cope, defines anew the genera of Ganocephala, 
Jope and Trinerorhachis Cope, and peepee one fish of 
rtance, some in nteres esting facts with seit to the reclama- 
tion of : alkali ta s. As ordinary surface ed gain tends to con- 
centrate the alkali at the surface—‘‘the more water evaporates 
from the surface within a season, the more alkali salts will 
drawn to the surface.” The chief remedy proposed is underdrain- 
ing, whieh ‘ ‘may so far lower the eal fe fe +3 from which the 
