274 THE ORCHID REVIEW. (SEPTEMBER, 1912. 
CALENDAR OF OPERATIONS FOR SEPTEMBER. 
By J. T. Barker, The West Hill Gardens, Hessle, E. Yorks. 
THE temperatures and the general treatment advised in previous numbers 
must still be adhered to, owing to the large amount of dull sunless weather 
we have experienced. In the warm houses it will still. be advisable to 
ventilate more freely and maintain the temperatures with additional fire heat, 
owing to the amount of humidity in the outside atmosphere. By these 
means it will be found that the plants will build up and solidify their 
growths, which will enable them to pass through the winter much better 
than would otherwise be the case. 
SHADING, on bright days, must be used, to prevent scorching, but in no 
case should the blinds be brought into use more than is necessary. I 
should always be kept in mind that light, air, and heat are essential to 
plant culture in their proper proportions, especially under the artificial 
conditions of glass houses. 
DAMPING DowN, as the days shorten, must be done less frequently, 
according to the amount of moisture in the outside atmosphere, but a 
moist, genial growing temperature must be maintained in all departments. 
The two extremes must be avoided, a hot, dry atmosphere is as harmful as 
a too cold one. 
Coot Housr.—The recent weather has been to the liking of the 
inmates of this department, and any which suffered from the excessive heat 
of last year have by this time fully recovered. No warmth from the hot 
water pipes should be required during this month. Keep the temperature 
as low as possible during bright weather, and ventilate freely, both night 
and day, on all favourable occasions. 
WaATERING.—Owing to the amount of moisture in the atmosphere, 
evaporation will be much less than in clear sunny weather, and, therefore, 
the plants will require less water, and great discretion should be exercised. 
No plant should have water applied unless it requires it. I am firmly 
convinced that more errors are made with the watering of our plants than 
with anything else. 
CYPRIPEDIUMS will now be pushing up their flower spikes, and these 
should be neatly tied to stakes to prevent their becoming twisted, as it is 
with great difficulty they are got into a perpendicular position if allowed to 
hang over the sides of the pots. Plants of the summer-flowering section, 
such as C. T’Ansonii, C. Schillianum, C. J. H. Veitch, and others of this 
class, as they pass out of bloom, may be repotted, should it be necessary. 
This class of Cypripedium is most useful, and forms a very desirable section 
of an interesting family. 
CATTLEYAS, L&LIAS, AND THEIR HYBRIDS.—During this month every 
