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mentioned naked spot we find a somewhat prominent mouth (pi. II, fig. 6 e and fig. 6 f ; 

 pi. Ill, fig. 2 c), which is supported by some chitinous lists, the two longest of which point 

 straight forward, are as long as, or somewhat longer than, the diameter of the mouth and 

 enclose the anterior half of the naked spot. Of mouth-appendages we only see the well- 

 developed mandibles, the points of which project in the orifice of the mouth; the hairs round 

 the mouth-border are apparently wanting (but perhaps the magnifying power of my micro- 

 scope does not suffice to discover them). Outside the anterior half of the mouth, and beneath 

 the naked area in front of it, several muscles are seen, which evidently serve the action of 

 the mouth. The pupae of the same species show great difference of size. In Splicer, chinensis 

 a small pupa is -146 mm., a large one -24 mm. in length, and both are illustrated in pi. II, 

 fig. 6 c and fig. 6 d magnified on the same scale. But I have found a much greater difference 

 in Splicer, danica, of which species I have seen nine pupae : the smallest (pi. II, fig. 4 d) is 

 only -115 mm. long and -085 mm. broad, an other (fig. 4 c) is '185 mm. long, and the largest 

 is 25 mm. long and '194 mm. broad, thus somewhat more than double the length and 

 double the breadth of the smallest specimen. In the small pupae I have not been able to find 

 the vestige of any organ, and their contents — except the muscles of the mouth — consisted 

 of a granular substance. Salensky writes (op. cit. p. 317): »Weder innere Organe, uoch 

 selbst irgend welche Pormelemente liessen sich im Innern wahrnehmen ; doch konnte moglicher 

 Weise der Darmkanal vorhanden sein und nur durch die zahlreichen Kornchen verdunkelt 

 werden« — ; later, on p. 318, he describes the mouth, but he has seen neither the man- 

 dibles nor the muscles, nor has he been aware that he had a mouth before him, and he 

 concludes Ms statement about his youngest specimen, which is - 12 mm. long, in the following 

 words: »Das Wachsthum geht in dieser Periode sehr rasch vor sich«. This last observation 

 I consider to be correct, and as it appears from the above-stated measurements, that the 

 pupa during its development grows to a manifold larger volume, it is clear that it must talce 

 nourishment through its mouth, of which ive have given a description, but it must be left to 

 new examinations of fresh material to explain how this is effected, if there really exists an 

 intestinal tube — which we must naturally suppose -- but the contents of young and half- 

 grown pupae preserved in alcohol have made the impression on me of being evenly granulous, 

 without organs. In the above-mentioned largest ('24 mm. long) pupa of Splicer, chinensis 

 (pi. II, fig. 6 b) and in the largest ( - 25 mm. long) pupa of Splicer, danica I found young 

 females, and Salensky writes (p. 319): »Das letzte von mir gesehene Stadium zeigte das 

 outer der Puppenhaut schon vollkominen ausgebildete Thier mit alien Anhangen. Die Puppe 

 hat erne Lange von 0,27 Mm. erreicht . . . . ; an ihrer Oberflache sind keine Veranderungen 

 sirhtbaiv ; whereupon he describes the animal, though without mentioning that it is a female, 

 however, this is easily seen from his illustration. My specimen of Splicer, chinensis (pi. II, 

 fig. 6 f) shows antennulae, mouth, maxillae, maxillipeds, the two pairs of trunk-legs, the not 

 yet fully developed genital apertures and the caudal stylets, which are seen through the 

 hairy skin. It is seen that the mouth of the young female is situated far more to the front 



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