1- 



AUGUST BRINKMANN. 



[REP. OF THE ..MICHAEL SARS" NORTH 



directed discharge ducts opening approximately at the 

 lateral edge of the head. 



The material from the "Michael Sars" included three 

 specimens of this species, all female. These are by no 

 means so easily distinguished from the foregoing species 

 as the males; they can however, be recognised, inter 

 alia, by the extremely reduced stomach and pyloric tube; 

 by the fact that the numerous (about 60) intestinal diverti- 

 cula are still distinctly developed behind the caudal com- 

 missure right out to the anus, and by the lack of rami- 

 fication. The intestinal caecum is furnished with three 

 pairs of diverticula. 



Habitat: St. 98 (Lat. 56° 33' N; long. 9° 30' W) 5 / s 

 closing net, 1000—559 metres. 



St. 101 (Lat. 57° 41' N; long 11° 48' W) u /s abt. 1300 

 metres depth (2000 metres of wire). 



Phallonemertidee nov. fam. 



Pelagic nemerteans of medium size, the body 

 slender with almost parallel sides, flattened ven- 

 trally, and rounded dorsally. The hinder end is 

 broad, and much flattened, forming a caudal fin. 

 The intestinal caecum well developed, the diverti- 

 cula of the intestine only showing traces of a 

 ventral branch, but otherwise with fairly con- 

 siderable ramifications. The lateral nerves are 

 situate ventrally close to the inner side of the 

 body wall. The testicles are placed in two single 

 rows at the fore end, each testicle terminating in 

 a cylindrical penis. 



Phallonemertes nom. nov. 



Syn. Bathynectes Brinkmann 1912 (l). 1 ) 

 Characters of the family. 



Phalloriemertes~Murrayi Brinkmann 1912. 

 fPlate II, Figs. 24-25.) 



Syn. .Bathynectes Murrayi Brinkmann 1912 (1). 



Some years ago I made a preliminary communication 

 as to this highly peculiar species, which is distinguished 

 by the fact, that the papillae forming the aperture of each 

 separate_testicle are greatly extended, being apparent as 

 penis-like 'appendices on the under side of the head. 

 (Plate II, Fig. 24). For the general structure, the reader 

 may refer to my original description; it will here suffice 

 to set forth the facts bearing upon the distribution of the 

 species. The "Michael Sars" expedition brought home 17 

 specimens from the following stations: 



') The name has been changed, as it was found to have been 

 previously used for a genus of crustaceans. 



St. 53 (Lat. 34° 59' N; long. 33° l'W) »/ 2600m. wire 3 spec. 

 „ 64 ( „ 34°44'N: „ 47° 52' W) 24 /g 3000 - „ 2 „ 

 „ 81 ( „ 48»02'N; „ 39»55'W) 12 /t „ - „ 8 „ 

 „ 82 ( „ 48°24'N; „ 36" 53'W) "/t „ - „ 1 „ 

 „ 84 ( „ 48°04'N; „ 32" 25' W) 15 h „ - „ 1 „ 

 „ 92 ( „ 48"29'N; „ 13° 55' W) 23 /- „ - „ 2 „ 



In addition to these, one specimen was taken by the 

 "Ingolf" Expedition in 1895 at St. 38 (Lat. 59° 12' N; long. 

 51° 05' W) :i0 /7 bottom trawl, depth 1870 fathoms, and 

 one by the "Thor" expedition of 1906, at St. 76 (Lat. 

 49" 27' N; long 13" 33' W) 2800 metres of wire. 



From this it will be seen, that the species is at present 

 only known fron the North Atlantic. Here also, Dr. Hjort's 

 method of serial hauls furnishes interesting information 

 as to the vertical distribution. We find, in the first place, 

 that the species is undoubtidly pelagic - - the „Ingolf" 

 specimen must thus have been taken while hauling in - 

 and further, that it is distinctly bathypelagic. This will be 

 seen from the table opposite, showing all positive stations 

 for the species on the "Michael Sars" expedition and 

 noting all implements used at these stations. Although 

 the catch was in no case large, there can be no reason- 

 able doubt that the specimens were taken at about the 

 depth where the implements concerned were working. 

 The upper limit of distribution cannot therefore be much 

 above 2000 metres, and is undoubtedly never higher than 

 abt. 1333 metres, at which depth a young-fish trawl was 

 drawn at five of the stations with negative result as regards 

 the species in question. 1 ) 



If we compare the depths of these hauls with the 

 chart on p. where the hydrographical condition for the 

 last five stations are noted, it will be seen that the species 

 is a stenothermic and stenohaline bathypelagic form; the 

 temperature of its habitat as there indicated varying be- 

 tween 3" and 4", the salinity only between 35 u /oo and 

 34.9 °/oo. 



Chuniellidee nov. fam. 



Medium sized forms. Body pointed at hinder 

 end. Tail more or less applanated, without, how- 

 ever, forming any caudal fin. The longitudinal 

 muscle layer of the body wall strongly developed 

 dorsally and ventrally, but laterally thin. Lateral 

 nerves ventrally situated, immediately inside the 

 musculature. Intestinal diverticula without ventral 



') In allowing even this amount of latitude for the upper limit 

 of distribution, I do so only to be absolutely on the safe side: the 

 bundary might doubtless without imprudence be placed as low as 

 1666 metres, at which depth the hauls were likewise negative. I have 

 not done so, however, because the small :, A metre net used at that 

 depth is of so slight fishing capacity that a species of so infrequent 

 occurrence might well have escaped it. 



