DANAIS. 19 



continued along the apical half of the costa ; finally a terminal 

 row in pairs in the interspaces, of much smaller spots. Hind 

 wing : interspaces la, lb with broad long streaks from base ; 

 interspace 1 and cell with two streaks united at base in each, the 

 pair in the cell with a short streak obliquely between their apices, 

 an outwardly radiating series of broad, elongate, inwardly pointed 

 spots in interspaces 2-8, followed by somewhat irregular rows of 

 subterminal and terminal spots. Underside similar, the markings 

 and spots sometimes a little ill-defined and blurred. Antennae 

 black ; head and thorax black spotted with white ; abdomen blackish 

 brown, ochraceous beneath. Male secondary sex-mark in form 2. 



Exp. d 2 70-100 mm. (2-75-3-95"). 



Hah. Ceylon, the Anaimalai hills, Mysore and the Deccan up 

 to Poona. 



Race melanoides. — Northern and Eastern form. Differs as 

 follows : — Wings on the whole longer and narrower ; hyaline 

 markings, especially in interspace 1 of fore wing and in cells of 

 both fore and hind wing, very much broader. In many specimens 

 the black ground-colour in these spaces is reduced to a mere 

 slender black line enclosed in the subhyaline marking. On the 

 underside the streaks are often much blurred and diffuse. 



Hah. The Himalayas from Kashmir to Nepal ; Sylhet ; Assam ; 

 Cachar; Chittagong; Arrakan ; Burma and Tenasserim. 



Neither form is constant either in markings or in habitat. 

 In the British Museum collection there are specimens of true 

 aglea from Burma, and others, inseparable from typical melanoides, 

 from Mysore. 



Larva. Dark claret-brown, two round chrome-yellow spots on 

 each segment, with scattered smaller bluish-white spots between, 

 clustering into and forming a conspicuous line along the sides ; 

 legs and ventral surface purplish black, the tentacula, placed as 

 usual on the 3rd and 12th segments, claret-brown. Food-plant, 

 Tylophora carnosa. 



Pupa. Green, spotted with blue and gold; much constricted 

 behind the thorax. 



16. Danais melanoleuca, Moore, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 581, pi. 58, fig. 3 d ; 

 M . Sf de N. Butt. 2nd. i, 1882, p. 38 ; Moore (Paralitica), Lep. 

 Ind. i, 1890-92, p. 58, pi. 12, figs. 2,2 a, J 2- 



S 2 • Very closely resembles D. aglea, Cramer ; but the ground- 

 colour of both fore and hind wings on the upperside is much 

 darker, almost black, not fuliginous ; the subhyaline streaks and 

 spots, especially on the hind wing, are of greater extent and appear 

 more transparent and white. A constant point of difference is the 

 contrast in size of the basal and discal spots in interspaces 2 and 3 

 of the fore wing in D. melanoleuca, as compared with the pro- 

 portion those spots bear in either the northern or southern 

 race of D. aglea. Male sex-mark as in D. aglea. 

 Exp. S 2 68-82 mm. (2-7-3-5"> 



c2 



