363 NYMPHALID^E. 



379. Vanessa rizana, Moore, JP. Z. 8. 1872, p. 559 ; de N. Butt. hid. 



ii, 1886, p. 234 ; Moore (Aglais), Lep. hid. iv, 1899-1900, p. 89, 

 pi. 317, figs. 1, 1 a, tf$. 



S 2 • " Markings and colours disposed as in V. Jcashmirensis, 

 but more sharply denned and the colours much brighter" {Moore). 

 Upper side fore wing : the black spot on the disc in interspace 1 

 not oval, quadrate, the two spots above it also quadrate, placed 

 on a transverse broad yellow band which crosses the wing in 

 continuation of the intervening yellow space between the short 

 broad black band beyond the discocellulars and the preapical 

 similar band. Hind wing : the dusky black on the basal area 

 more extensive, covering about two-thirds of the wing and 

 produced to the tornus, its outer margin very sinuous, bordered 

 outwardly by a narrow sinuous band of bright yellow. Both fore 

 and hind wings with a comparatively broad terminal border, 

 dusky brown, traversed by a series of triangular black spots 

 centred with blue, that are outwardly margined by a more or less 

 continuous obscure pale line. " Underside much darker than in 

 l-ashmirensis, markings similar." (Moore.) 



Exp. J 2 47-52 mm. (1-85-2-05"). 



Hab. The Himalayas from Kashmir to Sikhim at high ele- 

 vations ; not recorded from below 10,000 feet. 



380. Vanessa ladakensis, Moore, A. M. N. H. (5) i, 1878, p. 227 ; id. 



Yarkand Exped., Lep. 1879, p. 2, pi. 1, fig. 2; de N. Butt. Ind. 

 ii, 1886, p. 234 ; Moore (Aglais), Lep. hid. iv ; 1899-1900, p. 90, 

 pi. 317, figs. 2,2 a, c?$. 



J $ . Differs from V. cashmirensis as follows : — Fore wing : 

 termen convex, not falcate, not produced between veins 5 and 6. 

 Upperside: colours and markings similar to and disposed as in 

 V. rizana ; but the lower blackish discal spot or patch in fore 

 wing much broader, extended to the median vein joining the 

 transverse band across the cell, joined also by a triangular patch 

 at base of interspace 3 to the short band beyond the discocellulars ; 

 two small rounded spots in interspaces 2 and 3 respectively placed 

 on a yellow band, as in V. rizana. Hind wing with the sub- 

 terminal series of conical black spots larger, each centred with a 

 large spot of blue. Underside much paler than in either V. cash- 

 mirensis or V. rizana, not so thickly studded with dark transverse 

 short striae. Fore wing : the cell with an ochraceous subbasal 

 and a whitish median transverse broad band ; beyond apex of cell 

 a curved, broad, whitish, irregular postdiscal band from costa to 

 dorsum, and a short oblique preapical whitish mark. Hind wing : 

 basal two-thirds dusky brown, outwardly margined by a sinuous 

 jet-black line ; both fore and hind wings with the transverse series 

 of triangular dark marks of the upperside showing through. 

 Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen as in V. cashmirensis. 



Exp. c? $ 46-53 mm. (1-8-2-1"). 



Hab. The Northern Himalayan ranges, Ladak ; Chitral ; W. 

 Tibet; Nilang Pass beyond Mussooree ; Sikhim, Chumbi Valley. 



