440 jjtmphalidje. 



Larva. " Head and legs black ; body black, this colour, 

 however, obscured by orange-tawny markings. A broad orange- 

 tawny dorsal stripe. Tour straight horizontal simple black spines 

 on head ; spines on pectoral segments black ; on abdominal 

 segments pink tipped with black ; on caudal segments pink faintly 

 black-tipped/' 



Papa. " Head and wing-cases pale Indian red ; ten pale 

 metallic spots on back ; abdomen dark pink ; spines faintly black- 

 lipped." {A. Graham, fide de Niceville.) Mr. de Niceville adds : 

 "" The head ends in two well-separated blunt points ; there are 

 a pair of spines anteriorly, another in the middle, and a third 

 smallest pair posteriorly on the thorax, the latter being hunched 

 and keeled, on the abdominal segments there are eight pairs of 

 spines, the third anterior pair the largest." {Butt. Ind. ii. p. 131.) 



Var. taprobana, Moore, is a slightly darker race from Ceylon, 

 with markings similar in both sexes to those of hyperbius. 

 Moore, however, states that taprobana is " intermediate between 

 the S. Indian form (castetsi) and typical hyperbius." All speci- 

 mens from Ceylon that I have been able to examine do not differ 

 from Upper India, Assam, and Burmese specimens, except in the 

 very slightly darker ground-colour on the upperside. 



Race castetsi, Oberthiir. — The females of this remarkable form 

 seem to be locally dimorphic. $ . Closely 'resembles the <5 of 

 hyperbius, but differs as follows: — Upperside: ground-colour a 

 richer brighter shade of orange-yellow ; black markings similar 

 but distinctly smaller, of a deeper black ; subterminal transverse 

 series of slender lunules traversing the terminal black margin on 

 the hind wing of the same shade of orange-yellow as the ground- 

 colour, not blue on the posterior half of the wing. Underside : 

 the olivaceous brown at apex of fore and variegating the hind 

 wing more of a greenish golden tint. A sex-mark of specialized 

 raised scales along middle of vein 1 on the upperside of the fore 

 wing very prominent. 



2 • Nilgiri form : resembles the $ of typical hyperbius. 

 Differs as follows : — Upperside : ground-colour pale golden 

 yellow ; basal half of both fore and hind wings shaded with 

 metallic green in the fore wing ; in some specimens this tint is 

 slightly olivaceous ; black markings and the white oblique band on 

 the apical area of the fore wing as in hyperbius, but propor- 

 tionately smaller, the purplish-blue shading along inner margin 

 of the white band much less conspicuous, as is also the bluish tint 

 on the white preapical spots and subterminal markings on the 

 fore wing and on the posterior half of the subterminal line of 

 lunules on the hind wing. Underside as in hyperbius ; but the 

 ground-colour on the fore wing a paler shade of terracotta-red ; 

 the olivaceous brown variegating the hind wing of a distinctly 

 greener tint. 



$ . Typical as described from Trichinopoly. Similar to the tf . 

 Differs as follows : — Upperside : ground-colour pale golden yellow ; 



