454 NYMPHALID^E. 



black spots and a slender anticiliary black interrupted line. The 

 subbasal and postdiscal ochraceous-red bands margined on both 

 inner and outer sides by series of short lunular spots, those on 

 the inner margin of the postdiscal band turned towards the base 

 of the wing, on the outer margin turned outwards ; cilia of fore 

 and hind wings white alternated with black. Antennae, head, 

 thorax and abdomen black ; abdomen on the sides fulvous spotted 

 with black ; palpi ochraceous ; thorax and abdomen beneath 

 whitish, spotted with black. — 2 • Upperside similar with similar 

 black markings, but apparently the subterminal series of spots on 

 both fore and hind wings are frequently obsolescent, and even 

 when present not so well-defined. Underside similar to that in 

 the 6 , but the markings on the hind wing larger and the black 

 spots not well-defined, the subbasal and postdiscal ochraceous-red 

 bands more macular. 



Exp. s 2 36-48 mm. (1-42-1-9"). 



Hob. N.W. Frontier, Chaman ; the Punjab, Campbellpur, 

 Attock. Beyond our limits found in Afghanistan, Persia north- 

 wards and westwards, until it merges into the typical form 

 didyma. 



Var. robertsi, Butler, is a very pale, small form from an arid 

 country. Upperside pale yellowish buff, the black markings 

 similar to those in per sea but smaller, less well-defined, some 

 generally more or less obsolescent. Underside : fore wing ground- 

 colour pale buff ; hind wing white ; markings as in persea, but on 

 the fore wing posteriorly more or less obsolescent. This variety 

 was originally described from Kandahar. 



Race chitralensis, Moore, seems to have seasonal forms. 

 Specimens procured in April are somewhat similar to the darker 

 specimens of robertsi from the Punjab, but are always distinguish- 

 able by the dullness of the ground-colour and the heavy black 

 markings on the upperside. On the underside the resemblance to 

 robertsi is greater, the black markings on the fore wing slightly 

 more clearly defined. Specimens taken in July are, however, 

 larger and otherwise strikingly different in the $ ; approaching 

 closer to the Southern European form of didyma than to either 

 typical persea or its var. robertsi. Upperside, <5 : deep rich orange- 

 rufous. Pore wing with the black markings as in persea but 

 proportionately larger, the subterminal series of lunules slender, 

 the terminal edging of black broader. Hind wing: the dark 

 suffusion at the base and on the hind wing posteriorly jet-black 

 not dusky black, the other markings similar ; the subterminal series 

 of iunules and the black terminal edging as on the fore wing. 

 Underside similar to that in typical persea. Antennae, head, thorax 

 and abdomen black, the thorax anteriorly and the apex of the 

 abdomen with fulvous- red pubescence ; beneath, the palpi fulvous, 

 thorax dusky black, abdomen marked with white, apex fulvous. — 

 2 . Pore w T ing : ground-colour dull white irrorated more or less 

 with dusky black scales and with the following black markings : — 



