to 
gallon of foreign alcohol. By a special indulgence of the Commissioners of Customs, to whom 
the difficulty had been submitted, the dutiable spirit was permitted to be destroyed in the 
presence of an Officer of the Customs Department at Barrow, and on receipt of his certificate 
that this had been done, the duty charge was refunded. The material in each bottle was put 
into a fine silk sieve and the foreign spirit allowed to drain away without loss or injury to 
the collection. The material was then replaced in the bottle and 70°/, British Methylated spirit added. 
From a series of collections taken in an area like that investigated by the ‘Siboga’ in 
1899—1900, especially as the HENSEN vertical net had been employed to some extent to obtain 
the deep water plankton, one could almost expect results rather above the ordinary. The 
collection has decidedly proved most interesting and instructive. Much valuable information 
relating to the distribution of known species of Copepoda has been gained from the investigation 
of the material. Some of the species described by former investigators that had become almost 
lost owing to incomplete description and illustration, have been re-discovered and are now 
placed on a more satisfactory basis. 
The Copepoda noted in this report reach the total of 338 species, and of this number 
83 do not appear to have previously been described. This collection has produced a greater 
number of species from a definite tropical area than has been secured in modern times, and 
distinctly proves the importance of a lengthened systematic collection in securing reliable results. 
The following table shews the results of comparatively recent investigations of the Copepoda 
in definite tropical areas, compared with what was revealed by the voyage of the ‘Challenger’ 
1873—1876. 
‘Challenoer (Copepoda. Ws 7 2. ae, Se een eee OES OC Cle om 
Gulf of (Guinea |Copepoday Gov weeks) collections)s-es 5 aes eS ON SD ECIcs: 
1) Ceylon’ Copepoda (about © months investigation)iey as ae eee eee Species: 
MaldivevArea, (Copepoda 2a™. 0) (2) en ne ee te OMS C Clee 
‘Siboga’ Copepoda (exclusive of Asterocheridae and true parasitic forms). 338 species. 
Much of the increase in the number of species is without any doubt largely due to the 
greatly improved facilities for collecting and investigating material, of course every expedition 
now organised has all the previous experience of the others as a guide, and the specialist is 
provided with a good supply of literature. At the beginning of the ‘Challenger’ expedition 
many methods had never been tested, or even suggested, and the literature was very scanty. 
A good deal of investigation has already been done amongst the Copepoda of the 
Indian Ocean, and a fair amount of information is available relating to the Copepoda of even 
the Malay Archipelago. 
If we compare the families represented in this report with the same families already 
recorded from the Indian Ocean, we find the following particulars: — The late Professor CLEVE 
1) This number includes the seven species of Copepod Fish-Parasites recorded by C. B. Witson in Supplementary Report 
XXXIV, Part V (1906), Report on the Pearl Oyster Fisheries of the Gulf Manaar. The Supplementary Report VII by THompson & Scory 
(1903) deals with a total of 284 species representing various families, but 57 of these species were obtained from plankton collected during 
the traverse to and from Ceylon and were not actually present in the Gulf of Manaar. The last day of the outward journey, and the 
first day of the homeward one only, is regarded as part of Ceylon in the above list. 
2 
