~ 
R) 
of true littoral forms from any large area that includes very shallow water with some suspicion. 
Phyllothalestris mysis was described by Criaus from Mediterranean specimens, and has been 
shewn to occur on the coasts of Britain, Norway and Ceylon. Rhyuchothalestris rufocincta has 
been obtained by Dr. A. M. Norman, Professor G. S. Brapy and other investigators on various 
parts of the British Coast, and by Professor G. O. Sars on the coast of Norway. I have a 
rich gathering of Harpacticoida in my possession that was found in the washings from a mere 
handful of calcareous and other algae collected on the dead coral-reef flats and Madreporia 
reefs in the Conflict Atoll, off the coast of New Guinea. Some of the species from this distant 
Island, which is of more recent origin than Ceylon, appear to be identical with forms occasionally 
found in washings from invertebrata dredged in the Irish Sea. 
There is no doubt that the temperature of the sea at between 1000 and 2000 metres 
in the Malay Archipelago is nearly the same as that of the deep water of the North Atlantic. 
KrUMMEL 1907, shews that the temperature of the deep water is much more uniform throughout 
the world, than that of the surface. One is led to suspect, therefore, that when the Copepoda 
of the world wide deep cold areas have been fully investigated, there may be a greater uniformity 
in the distribution of some species than is known at present. Scattered observations are of great 
value as a link in the chain of evidence, but until the chain be complete many pitfalls await 
the theorist should he venture into explanations regarding the presence or absence of groups 
without sufficient data to work from. 
The result of the various methods employed on board the ‘Siboga’ gives one a fair 
idea of the Copepod fauna of the region investigated. A comparison of the deep forms with 
those of the shallow water, or of the surface and bottom types near the land, and also the 
conditions in the daylight and the dark can be obtained from the lists of Copepoda that were 
present in each collection as shewn on pages 278 to 314. The greatest number of species 
represented in a day surface gathering was 59. One night surface collection contained 64 species. 
A vertical net haul at Station 141, from 1500 metres to the surface, contained the astonishing 
total of 131 species of Copepoda. This is at least 11 more than was apparently present in the 
whole of plankton from the Maldive area. The Horizontal cylinder catches averaged 37 species 
per haul and the washings from dredged invertebrata 13 each. The following list gives the 
> 
averages for each of the series: — 
Pom Waymouracer Collections, averuenpem sample . 2 92 3). 26 Species. 
ew Nicii~oUGice: Collections, average per sample. | 5 5 » 40 | species. 
a 
4 HeENsEN Vertical Net Night Collections, average per sample 49,5 species. 
11 HeENsEN Vertical Net deep Collections, average per sample. 88,7 species. 
4 Horizontal Cylinder Collections, average per sample. . . 37 species. 
Powe Closnam NetsColleckionmy 8), 2.2. . . - &) 28 species. 
3 Washings from Dredged Invertebrata, average per sample. 13 species. 
The three tables below give the number of species belonging to the families and divisions 
that were represented in the ‘Siboga’ collection and are also recorded from Ceylon, the Maldive 
area, and the Malay Archipelago (CLEVE). 
