360 CONNECTICUT GEOL. AND NAT. HIST. SURVEY. [Bull. 



S. oleae Bernard, cycadis, cassiniae. Olive scale. 



Mem. d'Hist. Nat. Acad., Marseilles, 108, 1782. 



This species may be recognized by its H-shaped mark, its dark 

 brown color, and the minute flakes of wax. 



Though not recorded from the state, it probably occurs here in 

 greenhouses. 



Physokermes Targioni-Tozzetti. 



Globular and rigid occurring only on the twigs of conifers. 

 Body with two internal ovarian pouches. Adults without legs or 

 antennae, though both are present in the larvae. Only a few 

 species are known, one of which occurs in Connecticut. 

 P. piceae Schrank. abietis. Spruce scale. 



Hist. Abr. Ins., i, 507, 1762. 



Adult female globular 1.5-3 mm. in diameter, old shells rigid, 

 chestnut brown in color, usually in groups at base of twigs, and 

 resembling buds. 



On spruce and pine. 



Hartford, 23 June, 1906 (W. H. Patton). 



Subfamily Diaspinae. 



To this group belong the armored scales, insects which are 

 covered by a scale or shell, formed in part by the exuviae or cast- 

 off skins, and in part by a secretion of wax. The pupa stage is 

 present only in the male. The female early loses organs of sight 

 and locomotion and can only feed and reproduce. In some species 

 the female parent brings forth living young, and in others, lays 

 eggs under the shell or scale. 



Of the scale insects which are pests of trees and plants in 

 temperate regions, the most destructive belong to the subfamily 

 Diaspinae. 



Key to Genera. 



1. Scale of female circular or nearly so ; exuviae central or subcentral 2 

 Scale of female elongated, exuviae at narrow end 7 



2. Scale of male much elongated, not resembling scale of female 3 



Scale of male slightly elongated, but resembling scale of female in 



color and texture 6 



3. Scale of male white and carinated 4 



Scale of male not white and not carinated Parlatoria, p. 380 



4. Scale of female subcircular or pyrif orm ; male tricarinate ; usually 



fully exposed on bark 5 



Scales occurring under moss, lichens or edges of bark 



Epidiaspis, p. 368 



5. Exuviae usually subcentral Diaspis, p. 366 



Exuviae near margin Aulacaspis, p. 369 



6. Pygidium of female with elongated chitinous processes extending 



forward from bases of lobes Chrysomphalus, p. 37& 



Pygidium of female with chitinous processes smaller, shorter or 

 wanting altogether Aspidiotus, p. 371 



