Prof. Schoenbein on the Insulation of Antozone. 89 
have ascertained a great number of facts that speak, as far as I 
can see, highly in favour of that idea. As the typical or funda- 
mental fact of this chemical polarization of O, I consider the 
simultaneous production of O and HO+@ which takes place 
durmg the slow combustion of phosphorus. This simultaneity is 
such, that ozone never makes its appearance without its equivalent 
HO+0. Allthe metals which oxidize slowly, HO being present, 
such as zine, lead, iron, &c., give rise to the formation of HO+@; 
and so do a great number of organic substances, such as ether, 
the tannic, gallic, and pyrogallic acids, hamatoxidine, &c.; and 
even reduced indigo, associated with potash, &c., makes no excep- 
tion to the rule. The same simultaneity takes place during the 
electrolysis of water; never ozone without peroxide of hydrogen. 
I admit therefore that O, on being brought into contact with an 
oxidable substance and water, undergoes that change of condition 
which I call ‘chemical polarization;” 7. e. is converted into O and 
@, the latter of which combines with HO to form HO+ ®, whilst 
© is associated to the oxidable matter, such as phosphorus, zine, 
&e. In the preceding statements you have only a very rough 
outline of my late researches on the chemical polarization of 
neutral oxygen: the details on that subject are contained in a 
number of papers lately published, and of which your English 
periodicals have as yet not taken any notice. Havimg gone so 
far, I could not but be very curious to try whether it was not 
possible to obtain © in its insulated or free state. I directed 
of course my attention to that set of peroxides which I call 
“antozonides,” and tried in different ways to eliminate from 
them that part of their oxygen which I consider to be ®. Years 
ago I remarked, in accordance with an observation made by M. 
Houzeau, that the oxygen disengaged from the peroxide of 
barium by means of the monohydrate of SO%, exhibits an 
ozone-like smell, and the power of turning my ozone test-paper 
blue. Not having at that time a notion of two opposite active 
conditions of oxygen, I was inclined to ascribe these proper- 
ties to the presence of minute quantities of ozone in the said 
gas; but on examining it more closely, 1 found it to be neutral 
oxygen mixed up with a very small portion of antozone, or @. 
A most important and distinctive property of antozone is the 
readiness with which it unites with water to form peroxide of hy- 
drogen, whilst ozone, like neutral oxygen, is entirely incapable 
of domg so. Hence it comes to pass that the oxygen disengaged 
from BaO +, under certain precautions, becomes inodorous on 
being shaken with water, and that this fluid contains HO”. The 
simple cause of the minute quantities of Oobtained from BaO + 0, 
is the heat disengaged during the action of SO® upon the per- 
oxide, by which most of the © eliminated is transformed into O. 
