332 Mr. T. Tate on the Boiling-points of different Liquids 
where ais constant for each salt only, and the exponent a is con- 
stant for all the salts contained in certain special groups. The 
salts enumerated may be divided into four distinct groups, the 
salts in each possessing certain remarkable points of relationship 
with respect to their boiling-temperatures ; viz., the augmentations 
of boiling-temperature of the solutions in each group of salts have 
a constant ratio to one another for all equal weights of salt dis- 
solved. Thus if 'T and T’ be put for the augmentations of boil- 
ing-temperature corresponding to any equal portions of two salts 
dissolved, belonging to the same group, then 
= = a constant quantity. 
The constant quantity here expressed is, in some cases, nearly 
equal to the inverse ratio of the combining equivalents of the 
bases of the salts. 
Moreover, if the weights of two portions of one kind of salt, 
separately dissolved in 100 parts of water, be proportional to the 
two portions of another salt belonging to the same group and 
similarly dissolved, then the ratio of the augmented temperatures 
of ebullition of the former will be equal (approximately) to the 
ratio of the augmented temperatures of ebullition of the latter. 
I 
Thus if Z = o then . oe ie and conversely ; 
where x, and k, are the respective weights of one kind of salt 
separately dissolved in 100 parts of pure water, T, and T, the 
respective augmented temperatures of ebullition; and X’,, #,, 
T',, and T’, are the corresponding symbols for the other salt. 
For the sake of conciseness of expression, I shall sometimes 
speak of this augmentation of temperature simply as the tempe- 
rature of ebullition, which, in fact, it would be if the tempera- 
ture of boiling water were taken as zero. 
The first group of salts comprises the chlorides of sodium, po- 
tassium, and barium, together with carbonate of soda. 
The second group comprises the chlorides of calcium and 
strontium, and probably other salts. 
The third group comprises the nitrates of soda, potassa, and 
ammonia. 
The fourth group comprises the carbonates of potassa, and ni- 
trate of lime. 
If T=af(k) represent the relation between T and & of a salt in 
any group, a being constant, and f(4) a known function of f, 
then T=<a'f(k) will be the formula of relation for any other salt 
in the same group. For let T and T’ be the temperatures of 
ebullition in cach case respectively for equal values of k, then 
