64 Geological Society. 
The author believes that the section described is one of which a 
different reading was given by Sir A. Ramsay in the Geological- 
Survey Memoir on North Wales. In that work the conglomerate 
was regarded as a continuation of the breccia of the underlying 
beds sharply turned over. 
The microscopic characters of the lower series show that these 
beds are probably coarse volcanic tuffs, and that they resemble the 
rocks at St. David’s, called Pebidian by Dr. Hicks. The uncon- 
formity observed does not necessarily indicate great difference of 
age between the conglomerate and the underlying beds. In volcanic 
rocks such breaks may be merely local. 
Further north-west, in the same railway section, a junction is 
seen between the Cambrian conglomerate and quartz-felsite. It is 
uncertain whether the junction is a fault or not. The matrix of 
the conglomerate is chiefly composed of felsite fragments so per- 
fectly cemented together as to bear a close superficial resemblance 
to the original rock even under the microscope, unless a high 
power be used. 
2. “The Tertiary Basaltic Formation in Iceland.” By J. Starkie 
Gardner, Esq., F.L.S., F.G.8. 
The country explored stretches from the N.E. corner to the S.W. 
Every locality in which lignite had been met with was visited. The 
most northerly of these, at Husavik, presents a coast-section showing 
200 feet of tuffs with bands of lignite, 200 feet of the same with 
marine shells, and an immense series of overlying tuffs, which are 
unfossiliferous, aud were followed, ten miles further north, to Tjornes, 
almost within the Arctic Circle. The shells, a series of which were 
exhibited, indicate a warmer sea, and, in the author’s opinion, are of 
an age a little anterior to the Crag. It is hoped that Dr. Gwyn 
Jeffreys, who has several times examined them, may pronounce a 
definite opinion in regard to this. A number of sections towards 
the interior were visited, one of the finest being in a canon near 
Hof, where the sides are upwards of 1000 feet high, and nearly 
vertical, exhibiting an alternation of semicolumnar basalts, ash- 
beds, and laterites, capped by rhyolites. These rhyolites are very 
beautiful, and cap the basalts over a wide area, being themselves 
overlain by other and more irregular streams of basalt and tufts. 
The country has been subjected to immense denudation, and is ent 
up into rolling flat-topped hills such as characterize basaltic regions 
elsewhere. The horizon from which most, if not all, the fossil 
plants from Iceland have been obtained, is that of the rhyolites— 
a more recent series than any represented in the British Isles or 
even in the Fardes. Their age may have been correctly assigned to 
the Miocene. 
3. “On the Lower Eocene Plant-beds of the Basaltic Formation 
of Ulster.” By J. Starkie Gardner, Esq., F.G.S. 
