Geographic Literature 



47 



will be restless, discontented, and con- 

 ceited, and turn against the government 

 unless provided with offices. The Fili- 

 pino loves the abstract — the theoretical 

 side of learning ; he will talk fluently 

 about the principles of individual rights, 

 but what these rights are in practice he 

 does not know, and if they were given 

 to him he would not recognize them. 



There are many openings for capital 

 in the Philippines, but very few for the 

 individual without money. "This is 

 no poor man's country ; no place for the 

 individual digger — the climate and cost 

 of living preclude that — and it is to be 

 hoped that the government will be able 

 to prevent the influx of a large number 

 of unemployed. Already mean whites 

 are abundant and on the increase." 



Everything considered, the Americans 

 have begun well. Judge Taft "has won 

 golden opinions from every side," and 

 " is peculiarly the stamp of man to deal 

 successfully with the Philippines." 



Irrigation in the United States. By 



Frederick Haynes Newell, Hydraulic 

 Engineer and Chief of the Division of 

 Hydrography of the U. S. Geological 

 Survey, etc. With many illustra- 

 tions and maps. New York: T. Y. 

 Crowell&Co., 1902. $2.00. 

 Mr. Newell,, the chief of the Irriga- 

 tion Division of the U. S. Geological 

 Survey and the foremost authority on 

 all matters relating to irrigation in this 

 country, portrays in this book the con- 

 ditions confronting man in the arid 

 region, the character of the lands, the 

 rainfall, and the available water supply. 

 He describes the methods of stream 

 measurement, the construction of irri- 

 gation works, the application of water 

 to land, the occurrence of underground 

 supplies of water, and the methods of 

 raising it. Irrigation laws and the 

 practice in different states are set forth 

 clearly and simply. The work closes 

 with descriptions of the states in the 

 arid and semi-arid regions. It is a clear, 



simple, and full presentation of the sub- 

 ject addressed to the general public, to 

 settlers and intending settlers in our 

 arid regions rather than to technical 

 experts. 



One-third of the area of our country 

 is dependent upon artificial watering 

 for success in agriculture. With a wise 

 application of the available water, many 

 millions of people can find homes therein. 

 Without water it is well-nigh valueless 

 for home-making. 



The theme of the book is the aphorism 

 that in the arid region it is water, not 

 land, that creates values. Of the arid 

 region only about one per cent is now 

 utilized through irrigation. It is esti- 

 mated that there is sufficient water to 

 reclaim ten times that amount, if prop- 

 erly applied. Eand is abundant, water 

 is scarce and precious. At present, 

 nearly all the water that can be applied 

 to land at small expense has been 

 utilized. Future works of reclamation 

 must be upon a large scale, and can best 

 be done by the National Government. 

 Under the plan, which is now before 

 Congress, it is proposed that the Gov- 

 • ernment construct the works and sell 

 the water and lands to settlers at cost. 



The increase in our arable area and 

 consequent increase in our agricultural 

 population, resulting from a complete 

 utilization of our water supply, will 

 benefit and strengthen our whole people, 

 east as well as west, for the prosperity 

 of one section increases the prosperity 

 of all. 



The illustrations merit special men- 

 tion. The half-tones are admirably 

 selected and well reproduced. The maps 

 and diagrams are simple and yet wonder- 

 fully effective. 



Scotland. Historic and Romantic. By 



Marie Hornor Lansdale. Illustrated. 



2 vols. Philadelphia : Henry T. 



Coates & Co., 1902. 



The best part of these volumes is the 

 unusually fine illustrations. The text 



