Geographic Notes 



221 



GUST AVE HERRLE 



GUSTAVE HERRLE, whose death 

 occurred in Washington, D. C, on 

 April 1 6, 1902, exercised a notable influ- 

 ence in American geographical work. 

 He was born in Wels, Austria, in 1843, 

 and was educated in the Polytechnic 

 School of Tuln for the career of a mili- 

 tary engineer. In 1 S64 he j oined his for- 

 tunes with those of Maximilian, Arch- 

 duke of Austria, in the establishment of 

 an empire in Mexico, and, in 1867, upon 

 the fall of the Mexican Empire, he came 

 to the United States, and was engaged 

 for some years, under the direction of 

 the late General Gilmofe, in the con- 

 struction of the harbor fortifications of 

 New York. 



In 1872 he became identified with the 

 work of chart construction in the United 

 States Hydrographic Office, and for 

 many years invested his position at the 

 head of the cartographic draftsmen of 

 that office with a rare combination of 

 knowledge and skill and diligence which, 

 by enabling him to impress his character 

 upon the marine hydrographic charts of 

 the Navy Department, has served to 

 elevate American cartography, and has 

 made him a contributor of uncommon 

 importance in the production of the in- 

 dependent resources of the people of the 

 United States for conducting navigation 

 beyond their own shores. 



G. W. LlTTLEHALES. 



Crater Lake, Oregon. — Glittering snow- 

 fields and vast glaciers now cover the 

 summits of the mighty volcanic moun- 

 tains of the western United States — 

 Mt. Shasta (14,350 feet), Mt. Rainier 

 (14,525 feet), Mt. Hood (11,225 feet), 

 and other noble peaks. One of the most 

 remarkable of these extinct volcanoes is 

 the well-known Mt. Mazama, in Oregon. 

 The crater of Mt. Mazama is now occu- 

 pied by a lake five to six miles in diam- 

 eter. The lake is 6,239 feet above the 

 sea, is 1,975 feet deep, and surrounded by 

 almost vertical walls towering 900 to 

 2,200 feet. This is the only crater lake 

 in the United States. An illustrated de- 

 scription of the lake, by J. S. Diller, was 

 published in this Magazine, Vol. viii, 

 No. 2. 



The Royal Geographical Society has 



founded a gold medal for geographical 

 research, the Victoria medal, in honor 

 of Queen Victoria, who was for many 

 3'ears patron of the society. The first 

 award has been made to Mr. E. G. Ra- 

 venstein for his excellent work in car- 

 tography and in special recognition of 

 his map of East Central Africa. 



The Geographical Society of Philadel- 

 phia has awarded the Kane medal for this 

 year to Lieut. Robert E. Peary for his 

 achievements in Greenland in 1900. The 

 medal was received by Mrs. Peary at the 

 annual meeting of the Society, May 7. 



GEOGRAPHIC LITERATURE 



Finland: Its Public and Private Econ- 

 omy. By N. C. Fredricksen. 8vo, 

 pp. xi + 306, with 5 maps. Lon- 

 don: Edwin Arnold. 1902. 

 The table of contents of this book 

 suggests a compendium of information 

 concerning this little-known country, 

 and between its covers much informa- 



tion is contained, but it is not of the sort 

 which the average reader wants or ex- 

 pects. Such basic facts as area and 

 population are conspicuous by their 

 omission. Much is said in detail about 

 the agricultural industry, but nothing 

 which will enable the reader to measure 

 its importance. Much space is devoted 



