List of Illustrations ix 



Page 



Freighting with reindeer, Cape Prince of Wales 136 



Traveling deerback through deep snow ; 137 



Riding in summer . . 138 



Reindeer tethered during a halt 139 



A Siberian woman and daughter 14° 



Lieutenant Bertholf mounted on a reindeer, showing the ability of the reindeer to carry 



210 pounds i4 l 



Reindeer digging up the snow to get the moss beneath . 14 2 



A Siberian, the owner of 10,000 head of reindeer, and a Cossack official 143 



Pupils of public school, Cape Prince of Wales, 1902 144 



Residence of Congregational missionary, Cape Prince of Wales, Alaska. .... 147 



Raleigh rock 148 



Sheldon Jackson, LL. D 149 



A wild variety of agave found in the deep forests of Yucatan 151 



A field of young sisal plants — two years old 152 



A native in the interior cleaning the fiber by the ancient method 153 



Tresses of the sisal fiber cleaned by the pacche' ; native implements for cleaning fiber .... 154 



Drying sisal fiber at one of the large plantations — Yucatan 155 



Bales of sisal fiber ready for shipment 156 



Wapitus Lake and Dutch Miller Pass, Washington Frontispiece 



Among the palmettos of Florida 174 



In the white pine forests of Michigan 175 



Portland, Oregon, Mt Hood in the distance 177 



On the high plains, western Kansas 1 78 



A field of watermelons, western Kansas 179 



A band of 2,000 sheep grazing on the mountain slopes, Oregon 180 



Combined harvester-thresher on one of the vast wheat fields of the West : . . . 181 



Map showing navigable rivers of the United States 183 



Typical cholera house, over filthy open drain, Manila '. 188 



Typical native water-closets 189 



A typical cholera center 190 



Farola district after burning of infected buildings 191 



Native market, showing ' ' shacks ' ' backing up against filthy open drain 192 



Divisoria market 193 



Board of health for the Philippine Islands and presidents of provincial board of health. . . 194 



Street work, carried on by Filipinos under American inspectors ... 196 



Carret6n or freight cart drawn by a " carabao " 198 



Harrowing a field for rice ' 199 



Stacking rice 200 



Primitive Agriculture. Tagbanua women harvesting rice, Calaminanes Islands 202 



Igorrote climbing a tree fern, Benguet 204 



In the pines, Benguet 205 



The Igorrote town of Cabayan, Benguet, Luzon '. 206 



Igorrote rice terraces, Cabayan, Benguet, Luzon 207 



A chief of the Gaddanes, Isabela, Luzon 208 



Adult Negrito woman, showing relative size .... 209 



Map showing route of new Trans-Canadian railway ..." 214 



Hargrave box kite 221 



Triangular box kite 222 



Compound triangular kite 223 



Winged tetrahedral cells : 2 24 



