The United States: Her Industries 305 



the number engaged in agriculture has 

 decreased from 152 to 135 per thousand, 

 a decrease of 12^ per cent, in the same 

 time, showing the trend of labor from 

 agriculture to manufacturing. 



No. 5.— TOTAL NUMBER OF PERSONS 

 ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURES AND 

 AGRICULTURE, RESPECTIVELY, 1870 

 TO 1900 



While there is no desire to measure 

 the growth of manufacturing by that 

 of any other industry or make invidious 

 comparisons, it seems not improper to 

 call attention to the relative growth of 

 the manufacturing industry as compared 

 with agriculture, which was formerly 

 considered the chief occupation of the 

 people of the United States, and which 

 still furnishes two- thirds of our enor- 

 mous exportations. This diagram 

 shows the actual increase and percent- 

 age of increase in the total number of 

 persons engaged in manufactures and 

 agriculture respectively, and their rela- 

 tive growth in the past 30 years. It 

 will be seen that those engaged in man- 

 ufacture have increased from 2 millions 

 to over 5^ millions, and those in agri- 

 culture from about 6 millions to ioj4 

 millions, and that while twice as many 

 persons are still engaged in agriculture 

 as in manufacture, the relative growth 

 has been much more rapid in the man- 

 ufacturing industry. The number en- 

 gaged in manufactures have nearly 

 trebled, while the number engaged in 

 agriculture has not quite doubled. 



No. 6 VALUE OF PRODUCTS OF MAN- 

 UFACTURING AND AGRICULTURE, 

 RESPECTIVELY, 1870 TO 1900 



The relative growth on the part of 

 manufactures has also been more rapid 

 than that of agriculture, since manu- 

 factures occupy a comparatively new 

 field, while agriculture had pretty well 

 developed the most productive sections 

 prior to 1880, since which the manu- 

 factures have made their greatest gains. 



NUMBER OF PERSONS IN EACH 1000 ENGAGED 

 IN MANUFACTURING AND AGRICULTURE 

 1870 ™ 1900 



IN AGRICULTURE 



IN MANUFACTURING 



1870 '80 '90 1900 



INCREASE 1870" 1900 4-o/ 



1870 '80 '90 1900 



DECREASE 1870—1* 



ia2 



DIAGRAM NO. 4 



TOTAL NUMBER OF PERSONS ENGAGED IN MANU- 

 FACTURES AND AGRICULTURE RESPECTIVELY 



1870 " 1900 



IN MILLIONS 



PERSONS ENGAGED IN 

 MANUFACTURE. 



PERSONS ENGAGED 

 AGRICULTURE 



5.7 



2.7 



Tl 



1870 '80 '90 1900 



ACTUAL INCREASE 3.665,141. 

 GAIN 178 % 



1870 '80 '90 1900 



ACTUAL INCREASE 4-, 515,848, 

 GAIN 75^ 



DIAGRAM NO. 5 



