318 The National Geographic Magazine 



COPPER PRODUCTION OF GERMANY. SPAIN, JAPAN AND THE 

 UNITED STATES 1883™ 1901. 



1883 



16.4*1 

 7.7ZI 



DIAGRAM NO. 22 



COTTON PRODUCTION OF THE WORLD 



(IN BALES OF 500 POUNDS) 



1302 



u. s 



10,700,000 



WORLD 1902 



ASIA 

 1500.000 



ATRICA 



i.07a ooo 



AMERICA 



SOUTH OF u.j I 

 2SO.00O 



10,700 000 



U.S. 1870-1902 



961.000 



1870 

 DIAGRAM NO. 23 



80 



90 



United States produces practically three- 

 fourths of the world's entire supply, and 

 has doubled her production since 1880, 

 and shown an ability to double the pres- 

 ent product if the world demands it. 

 This diagram shows the world's pro- 

 duction of cotton in 1902. The first line 

 is for all of America south of the United 

 States ; the second, Africa ; the third, 

 Asia ; and the fourth, the United States. 

 The second group of lines shows the 

 production of the United States in 1870, 

 1880, 1890, and 1902, indicating the 

 growth of production in response to the 

 world's demands. 



No. 24.— RAILWAYS OF THE UNITED 

 STATES AND EUROPE, 1850-1902 



While the production of raw materials 

 is an important factor in manufacturing, 

 the power of quickly and cheaply as- 

 sembling those materials for actual man- 

 ufacturing and of distributing them after 

 manufacture is another important factor, 

 and in this the United States surpasses 

 all other nations. In this diagram f 

 compare the railways of the United 

 States not merely with those of a single 

 country, but with those of all Europe. 

 In 1850 our railways were two-thirds as 

 great in length as those of Europe ; in 

 1870, five-sixths as great ; in 1880, nine- 

 tenths, and in 1902 they actually ex- 

 ceeded those of all Europe by 12 per 

 cent. The second group of lines shows 

 the relative railway mileage of the 

 United States in 1850, 1870, 1880, and 

 1902, and indicates the rapidity of 

 growth. 



I have now shown 3'ou, first, the in- 

 crease in production of manufactures ; 

 second, the increase in production of 

 raw material, and, third, the increase 

 of transportation facilities. These three 

 facts suggest that probably the manu- 

 facturing industries have extended far 

 into the interior of the country, and 

 especially to those sections where the 

 raw material or the coal is. produced, 

 and an examination of the records of 



