The Grape-Growing Industry 



45 1 



east of the Rocky Mountains, where 

 the American varieties are largely and 

 profitably grown ; the other in Califor- 

 nia, where the foreign or Vinifera vari- 

 eties have found a congenial home. 



To the late Senator Leland Stanford, 

 founder of the Iceland Stanford Junior 

 University, belongs the distinction of 

 having had the largest vineyard in the 

 world, comprising nearly 5,000 acres 

 and being over 7 miles long. The win- 

 eries on the place cover more than 6 

 acres of roof surface, and during the 

 years Mr Husmann had charge of them 

 from 2 z /i million to 3 million gallons of 

 wine were made annually, from 400 to 

 850 tons of grapes being crushed daily. 

 Throughout California there are a num- 

 ber of vineyards of 500 acres each. 



At Asti the Italian-Swiss colony has 

 1,700 acres in bearing vineyards. On 

 the place are extensive wineries, with 

 the largest wine vat of the world, hold- 

 ing 500,000 gallons. Near Cucamonga 

 the Italian Vineyard Company has, dur- 

 ing the last three years, planted nearly 

 2,000 acres in one field. The Riverside 

 Vineyard Company during the same 

 time planted 2,500 acres in one vine- 

 yard. 



The amount of wine made in the 

 United States is, however, very small 

 compared to that produced in the coun- 

 tries of Europe. Even Turkey, whose 

 Mohammedan population drink little 

 wine, produces nearly twice as much 

 wine as the United States. 



In 1901 France produced of wines 

 1-523.233.200 gallons ; Italy, 1,013,- 

 760,000 ; Spain, 520,080,000; Portugal, 



155,760,000; Austria, 116,160,000; 

 Roumauia, 87,120,000 ; Chile, 85,120,- 

 000; Russia, 76,560,000; Bulgaria, 

 73,920,000 ; Germany, 60,720,000 ; Ar- 

 gentina, 55,4*40,000; Turkey, 50,160,- 

 000; Greece, 32,300,000 ; Switzerland, 

 31,680,000 ; United States, 29,500,000, 

 and Servia, 23,760,000 gallons. The 

 industry in the United States is as yet 

 in its infancy. A beginning has just 

 been made in a commercial and business- 

 like manner to improve methods and 

 expand markets. California has pro- 

 duced and sold annually the last ten 

 years an average of 20 million gallons 

 of wine, 2 million gallons of brandy, 

 and 80 million pounds of raisins. Her 

 wines and brandies have taken high 

 honors at all important expositions, in- 

 cluding that at Paris in 1900, and they 

 are rapidly finding their way into all the 

 principal markets of the world. 



So far the raisin industry of this coun- 

 try has only supplied the small home 

 demand of 100 million pounds, whereas 

 the present population, were it to con- 

 sume as much per capita as some other 

 countries, say Great Britain, would now 

 use 400 million pounds annually, not to 

 say anything of extending markets and 

 exporting to other countries. 



When it is considered that France in 

 1901 produced 1,523,233,200 gallons of 

 wine, while this country produced 

 29,500,000 gallons, and that the Golden 

 State alone has a grape and wine pro- 

 ducing area almost equal to the whole 

 of France, some idea can be formed of 

 the great possibilities of this important 

 industry. 



PRECIOUS STONES 



THE United States can supply all 

 the wants of its people for coal, 

 iron, 'copper, petroleum, and all 

 the useful minerals ; gold and silver also 

 are found in generous quantities ; but of 



precious stones, the diamond, the ruby, 

 the emerald, the topaz, etc., it has prac- 

 tically none, except what it has bought 

 abroad. In 1902 we paid $25,000,000 

 to foreign countries for precious stones 



