to 
bo 
MEMOIRS OF THE CARNEGIE MUSEUM 
Turrp. — That the number of sacrals in the Sawropoda has been increased to five by 
the addition of a posterior dorsal and an anterior caudal. 
Fourra. — That the sacrals give support to the ilia solely by means of the transverse 
processes (diapophyses and parapophyses). 
Frera. — That there are no true sacral ribs homologous with those elements in the 
tailed anvyphibia and that the so-called sacral ribs are really homologous with the para- 
pophyses or inferior branches of the transverse processes. 
It is true that the parapophyses (sacral ribs) of the sacrals, as also the trans- 
verse processes of the caudals in the Sauropoda are derived from centers of ossifica- 
tion distinct from those which give origin to the centra, and this fact may by some 
authorities be taken as proof that they are not portions of the transverse processes, 
though I should not consider it as such. 
The principal dimensions sometimes materially modified by crushing of the 
several vertebree in the type of Haplocanthosawrus priscus (No. 572) are given in the 
following table: In column 1 the greatest expanse of the transverse processes of 
the diapophyses are given; column 2, greatest length of centra; column 3, trans- 
verse diameter of centra at posterior extremity; column 4, height of neural spines 
mim. 1 in mm 2 in. mm oe in mm 4 in 
214. Cervical. | | 259 112 1D | 6} 320 128 
215. aC | 247 91 150 5L 352 13% 
1. Dorsal. | 403° | es 224 83 153 6 355 14 
6. «“ | 420 16} 185 7h 135 5h 568 99-5. 
Ws « | 458 18 173 63 145 5b 590 231 
8 ‘i AS | IR 165 64 150 5L 551 215 
9 “ | 457 18 185 7h 154 6 583 227 
10 «“ 440 17} 164 62 153 6 582 297 
11 ve 430 162 170 6: 161 62 597 234 
12 “ 425 163 150 5t 178 7 607 237 
13 ‘ 410 16} 146 5a 191 74 610 24 
14, 410 164 125 42 208 8 615 241 
1. Caudal. 416 162 103 4 195 78 510 20 
2. & 390 154 82 31 178 7 471 183 
3. os 320 123 91 38 190 7h 365 142 
4. G6 353 133 86 BS Gs 63 375 143 
5, te 314 122 94 Sires aele7 5: 62 396 153 
6. a 230 9} 95 32 137 58 404 15: 
Ws ? 2 105 41 ? 2 415 163 
8. ‘ 216 83 Or | —B: 125 423 397 153 
9 te | 100 4 | 115 43 ? > 
10 114 AN TGS 63 345 13} 
11 & 105 41 105 4h 338 133 
12 ‘ 110 43 11@ | 43 314 128 
183. “ 101 4 | 114 4} 298 118 
14. « 100 4 | 109 Ai | GYBTL 10} 
15 OG 100 32 | 107 A HRB 103 
16 99 4 101 4 261 10} 
17 “ 95 38 | 100 BR Dei 98 
18 ‘“ 92 38 | 100 i 229 9 
19 be 91 3g | 92 38 210 8} 
