HATCHER: OSTEOLOGY OF HAPLOCANTHOSAURUS 29 
17 = dorsal 8. 
igs @ ©, 
19= “ 10, 
= 6 tl: 
Pec 12) 
22 =) 13) 
ts — | 
Sa =spines and transverse processes of sacrals; a, b, c, d, e€ represent 
respectively the spines of sacrals 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. 
24 = centrum of sacral 4. 
VAD) = (a3 (73 (a3 5. 
27 = caudal 1. 
28 = a YD, 
DOE ay 3 
30 = 8G 4 
SNe — eee S) 
se 1G 
Be ey 
34 = parapophysis (sacral rib) of first sacral. 
30-39 inclusive are ribs. 
S= left scapula. 
¢ = right coracoid. 
Shaded bones in diagram do not pertain to Haplocanthosaurus. 
As will appear by a critical examination of the diagram the vertebrae of the 
cervical and anterior dorsal regions were much scattered and displaced before finally 
becoming imbedded in the sands which later become solidified into the sandstones of 
almost granitic hardness in which they were found encased. In the following 
description of the vertebral column the reader should bear in mind that save for the 
third dorsal and the first and second caudals the centra were detached from the 
neural arches. Owing to the age of the individual there was as yet only a sutural 
union between the centra and the neural arches of the respective vertebree. In 
most instances the centra, while not directly attached to their respective arches, were 
either found in position or only slightly removed from their normal positions relative 
to one another. In some instances, however, as with dorsals 2, 5 and 6, the centra 
and neural arches were found separated by a distance of from two to four feet, while 
a few vertebrie are represented by their centra or neural arches only. 
