246 Scientific Intelligence. 
may be as surprised as we were to learn that neither glaucus 
nor pruinosus are Linnzean ter 
mong the terms used aadtieadinie, it is surprising that 
DeCandolle does not refer to pistillum, ibe introduced into 
botany by Tournefort, and used in the sense of the modern term 
gynecium, therefore only one to a flower; snddidied by Ludwig to 
denote a female member of the flower (having ovary, rie te and 
commonly a style), of which there may be many ina flower; 
and adopted in the latter sense by Linneu Ss, yet patediiy with a 
use that avoids ee the sense of Tournefort. irbel, 
Mogquin-Tandon, a t. Hilaire among the Decne have openly 
pw hag from oumefort? s use, and speak freely of ‘pistils i in the 
plural. Brown and DeCa ndolle have used the word in the manner 
of Ludwig and Linnzus when they have used it at all, but have 
generally evaded its use; other jsiaisate, especially British, have 
gone back to the Tournefortian sense 0 gyneecium 
writer has a note on the tas po in the new edition of his Structural 
Botany (1879 and 1880), p 
Sinistrorse and dectrva in oe direction of ascent of climbing 
stems or the overlapping of parts in a bud, &c. DeCandolle had 
soho insisted upon the ona of following what he takes 
e the  pmetiae and pra f Lute in the use of these 
terms; an ere returns va ans seabed vekichuneibig his former 
— i = most desirable that these ange eo not con- 
ue to be nt og me contradictory senses, one party calling 
oe inimcroed which other calls dextrorse ; it is also fitting 
that the principle of siloiey should prevail, said that sigs er agers 
of Linnzeus should be respected. Let therefor e firs 
place give an abstract of the points ent DeCa satsite sat makes. 
But first, we take it for granted that a stem or such organ 
erties no front or back, can have no right or left of its own: 80 
when say that it twines to the left or right, we can mea 
notlag? else than the right or left of the observer. The co aise 
conceived to occupy. DeCandolle supposes the observer to 
placed within the coil or ascending helix, and that this is the 
more natural position. The other ath supposes the observer to 
face the object roe apne ‘woe — om this position the Hop 
twines to the left, ending from the observer's 
right to his left, wie tie: Seavclvatnn turns from his left to his 
right; the rst. is sinistrorse, the second de seg wie while to 
DeCandolle, standin semesee the coil, the first is dex xtrorse, the 
second sinistrorse. says DeCa ndolle, -paletnn in the first 
edition (1751) of the Philos hia Botanica, § 163, page 103, says: 
“ Sinistrorsum hoe est quod respicit sinistrum, si ponas te ipsum 
in centro meen ied meridiem adspicere ; dextrum itaque con- 
trarium.’ 
DeCandolle remarks that the phrase “meridiem adspicere” i is 
of no account [but it indicates a certain confusion in Linnzeus’s 
mind], for it matters not i in what direction you look. He adds 
