Geology and Natural History. 155 
Beaumonti Lea with P. denticula Bast., after comparison with 
pecimens of the latter. r. Meyer also describes the 
new Claiborne species Tibiella Marshi, Bulla biumbilicata, Cadu- 
lus depressus. Mr. Meyer states further that in his opinion, and 
also Professor Verrill’s, Cadulus Pandionis of Verrill and Smith, 
from the western part of the Atlantic, is identical with Cadulus 
thallus named Dentalium thallus by Conrad, from the Miocene of - 
the Southern States ; and that if Jeffreys is right, this species is 
identical with Cadulus Olivi of Scacchi from the Pliocene of 
Sicily. It is to be hoped that Mr. Meyer may be able to continue 
his study of American Tertiary fossils. 
. The Geological and Natural History Survey of Minnesota, 
11th Annual Report, N. H. Wrxcuttt, State Geologist. 220 pp. _ 
8vo. Minneapolis, 1884.—This report is occupied chiefly with a 
report on the minerals of the State by Mr. Winchell, on the erys- 
talline rocks by Messrs. A. Streng and J. H. Kloos, and on the 
glacial and related phenomena of the Winnipeg region (“ Lake 
Agassiz”) by Mr. Warren Upham. The first of the reports states 
that gold has been washed from the drift at Rochester, Oronoco, 
Spring Valley, Jordan, in Fillmore County, and at several points 
in Wabasha County, and has been announced as taken from the 
gravel at Willmar. 
4. B. Lotti, of the Italian Geological Survey, on the origin of 
Tuscan Granite (R. Com. Geol. Italia).—Signor Lorri, of Pisa, 
reaches the conclusion that the Tuscan granite is largely of meta- 
morphic origin; that the granite, for example, of Mt. Capanne, 
on Elba, was formed largely at the expense of a rock which is 
“gneissic schist ” elsewhere, and that whilst the conversion of the 
rock into granite is general on the western side of Elba, it is only 
partial on the eastern. The reduction of the rock, as he observes, 
to a pasty state through the metamorphic process determined the 
formation of the granite, and also of veins of granite through its 
protrusion into fissures in the schistose rocks 
- Manual of the Mosses of North America; by Leo LEs- 
QUEREUX and THomas P, James. With six plates illustrating the 
Genera. Boston: S. E. Cassino & Co. 1884. pp. 447, post 8vo. 
—At length this much-needed and long-promised volume is in the 
hands of botanists and students, and the department of Bryology, 
So far as concerns the orders of the Peat-Mosses, Schizocarpous 
Mosses and True Mosses, is provided for. As long ago as the 
year 1848, and so far as relates to the Northern United States, 
Some provision was made for their study, in the first edition of 
Gray’s Manual, by a contribution from Mr. Sullivant, the founder 
of bryological study in this country. And when, in 1856, that — 
work passed to a second edition, about 100 pages of this were 
eee This con- 
tribution, also separately issued in a small edition, did excellent 
Service. It was thought best to drop these lower Cryptogamia 
