iS re ae thn oa ict 70 he ea 
og Sep ee Le ah eRe ae ate ee Ae ee er See IE a Ee See SO yi ee ee PD ee asi pore ee ea ees a 
eh Sore aes a es hare ae ica cae ail eon gia Aa lea Ra at OO a aa ea cage es i acai acaba Pa ah is 
off the Southern Coast of New England. 379 
species were also secured in the surface nets and especially in 
the trawl-wings. Among these there are some new forms and 
many that have not previously been observed so far north in 
the Gulf Stream. 
Character of the deep-sea deposits. 
Some very interesting and important discoveries were made 
in regard to the nature of the materials composing the sea- 
bottom under the Gulf Stream at great depths. These observa- 
tions are of great interest from a geological point of view an 
some of them are contrary to the experience of other expedi- 
tions and not in accordance with the generally accepted theo- 
ries of the nature of the deposits far from land. e bottom 
between 600 and 2000 fathoms, in other regions, has generally 
been found to consist mainly of “globigerina ooze,” or as in 
some parts of the West Indian seas, of a mixture of globigerina 
and pteropod ooze. Off our northern coasts, however, althoug 
there is a more or less impure globigerina ooze, at such depths, 
at most localities beneath the Gulf Stream, this is by no means 
always the case. The ooze is always mixed with some sand 
and frequently with much clay-mud. Ina number of instances 
have a consistency somewhat like hard castile soap, and in 
sections are mottled with lighter and darker tints of dull green, 
ade and bluish gray. When dried they develop cracks and 
‘ ; ea 
Scope grains of quartz and feldspar with some scales of mica 
More or less of the shells of @lobigerina and other Foraminifera 
are contained in the clay, but they make up a very small per- 
centage of the material. 
The following are some of the special localities where these 
clay masses were taken: 
Station 2192, in 1060 fathoms, N. lat. 39° 46’ 30”, W. long. 
70° 14’ 45”. Large blocks of sandy clay, some weighing about 
100 pounds. It was estimated that about a ton was brought up. 
Station 2230, in 1168 fathoms, N. lat. 38° 27’, W. long. 
73° 02’. Large quantity of masses of hard but sticky greenish 
blue clay, some masses varying to yellowish and buff colors. 
