414 > W. M. Dawis—Origin of Drumilins. 
of statement does not commend itself so highly as the pre- 
ceding. 
In this country, Professor C. H. Hitchcock and Mr. Warren 
Upham, while engaged on the geological survey of New 
Hampshire, were the first to discover the parallelism between 
glacial motion and the axes of drumlins in 1875; they con- 
cluded that “the accumulation of these hills and slopes seems 
to have been by slow and long-continued addition of material 
to their surface, the mass remaining nearly stationary from the 
beginning of its deposition. Obviously this was the case with 
the lenticular slopes gathered behind the abatier of higher 
edgy hills or upon their opposite sides ” (Geol. N. H., 1878, iii, 
A little later, Upham wrote: “Althou me we do not 
tae the cause of the peculiar distribution of these hills, it 
seems quite certain that they were seule ted and moulded 
in their lenticular form beneath the ice” (Proc. Boston Soc. 
Nat. Hist., 1879, xx, 228). DP heaor “ihehedics observa- 
tions led him to a similar pomeley “Mhe drift presents 
some peculiar tendencies to aggregation. . .. . A special ten- 
dency is observed over certain Sone ieee areas lying not far 
from the Kettle moraine, to accumulate in mammillary or 
elliptical or elongated hills of smooth flowing outline” (Geol. 
isc., 1883, i, 283) ; and again, Aner repeating this opinion, it 
idde 
rev teutue these explanations and the observations on 
which they are based, together with such evidence as my own 
studies have discovered, ‘the conclusion that drumlins should 
be compared to sand banks in rivers appears the most satisfac- 
tory yet advanced. hey seem to be masses of unstratified 
drift slowly and locally accumulated under the irregularly 
moving ice-sheet, where more material was bronght than could 
be carried awa he evidence for the sub- glacial growth 0: 
drumlins ma be summarized as follows: The scratched stones 
in the mass of bowlder-clay show a differential motion of its 
several parts as they were scraped and rubbed along from a 
generally northern source, and gradually parte where 
now found.* The compactness of the mass suggests an origin 
under heavy pressure. The attitude of the hills tae 
a close dependence on the motion of the ice-sheet. ‘The super- 
* A paper by Mr. Hugh Miller, read at the recent Montreal meeting of the 
British Association, gave several admirable Siemaratione of “this ‘ fluxion structure 
in till.” 
