186 BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA. 



(inclining very slightly to brownish), the paler specklings very minute, 

 the apex and costal point (with fringes) slightly darker. The posterior 

 wings unicolorous grey. Hofmann notes that in 21 specimens examined 

 he found much variation in the neuration of the hindwings ; in twelve 

 examples, four and five (German method of numbering), rise separately, 

 and six far beyond five, in nine others these nervures spring from a 

 point (in one, indeed, they spring from a point on the right wing, 

 and from a short stalk on the left). 



/3. ab. alba, n. ab. — Steudel and Hofmann record (J.-H. Ver. Wurtt., xxxviii., 

 p. 182) tbe capture of two pretty albino specimens from Wildbad, on the authority 

 of H. Simon. 



Comparison of S. cembrella with S. mannii. — Just as 8. cembrella 

 and pincti show their specific identity in their general resemblance and 

 their minute speckling, so there can be no doubt S. mannii is abun- 

 dantly distinct in both particulars, being larger than these and with 

 larger specklings on the forewings, in fact, S. mannii appears to be 

 nearer 8. clathrella than S. cembrella. Zeller says that 8. pineti comes 

 extraordinarily near 8. mannii, but is certainly distinct from it. It is 

 more delicate, usually somewhat smaller, its wings somewhat narrow 

 and more pointed, and the lattice-spots of the forewings smaller, with 

 broader division bars. It can be differentiated from S. triqwtrella, 

 Zell., by its darker grey colour, by its forewings being more enlarged 

 at the inner angle, which is, therefore, less rounded off, and by the 

 smaller, more numerous whitish-grey spots on the forewings. S. incon- 

 spicuella is smaller, with more rounded forewings, larger white-grey 

 spots, more gradually blending with the ground colour, and a row of 

 dark grey spots along the hind-margin (Zeller). Chapman says that the 

 S. pincti in Constant's collection are " similar to S. mannii, except that 

 the cases are a little smaller ; the feet appear to have but four joints 

 in tarsi (the third very small), the 5 with 19 joints to flagellum." 



Case. — The case is 6-7mm. long and 2-3mm. wide ; roughly trigonal, 

 but with considerable variation ; wider at the end from which the pupa 

 emerges ; black in colour and covered with particles of dirt, bark, and 

 lichen. Obtained from fir trees at Glogau and pine trees at Eatisbon 

 (Stainton coll.). The case is formed alike in both sexes, 2f-3J'" 

 long, almost cylindrical, somewhat roughly formed, covered with 

 blackish-brown, and a few grey, finely-powdered particles of lichen, 

 bark, and wood, very rarely with a grain of sand ; it is very little 

 thinner towards the anterior end, but more so towards the posterior ; 

 the ventral side is tolerably flattened ; on the middle of the dorsum 

 a weak keel runs out from the anterior end, the keel usually disap- 

 pearing beyond the middle ; it has, therefore, some similarity to the 

 case of S. mannii, but is shorter and more rudely formed, and its side 

 keels are not so well-developed (Zeller). Case three lines long, the 

 same size in both sexes, cylindrical, covered with finely granulated, 

 generally blackish or dark brown, pieces of bark and lichen, but 

 frequently mixed with grey, reddish, or greenish particles, so that the 

 case becomes variegated, only slightly narrower at the ends, flat ven- 

 trally, with the longitudinal ridges only weakly developed (Hofmann). 



Laeva. — Yellow, with intestinal canal showing through greenish ; 

 head and thoracic legs blackish-brown, shining, the first two segments 

 bear dark brown dorsal shields, traversed by a very fine, pale, median, 

 longitudinal stripe, which is, however, very indistinct on the meso- 



