LUFFIA FERCHAULTELLA. 251 



abdominal segments, tapering to a smooth bluntly rounded anus 

 posteriorly, and to a small head and thorax anteriorly, the latter end 

 being rather the more pointed. The pupal skin looks stout and horny 

 considering the size of the pupa, and the surface smooth and shiny 

 although it is covered with a coat of rather fine spicules. The pro- 

 and meso-thorax are narrow and form a median ridge. The abdominal 

 segments 4-7 free and 3 also dorsally. The anus is smooth and 

 without armature. Transverse rows of dorsal spines are present on 

 abdominal segments 3-7, placed quite anteriorly on the segment, but 

 point backwards in the usual manner, looking remarkably stout for so 

 small a pupa. The tubercular seta? are present as in larva — i outer, ii 

 inner (the subsegmental division clearly marked between them), iii is 

 supraspiracular and bears the largest hair, iv and v subspiracular 

 nearly in the same horizontal line and only a short distance apart (v 

 anterior and much smaller than iv). The spiracles are somewhat large 

 and conspicuous and appear to be almost on small tubes they are so 

 raised, that on the 1st abdominal segment being the most prominent. 

 There appear to be no posterior (intersegmental) spines, but the 

 minute corneous plates of the membrane have acute points. Distinct 

 scars of the prolegs are visible ventrally. The wings are very small ; 

 the forewings folded ventrally in the usual way, but their apices reach 

 only to the anterior edge of the second abdominal segment ; the hind- 

 wings show a comparatively large corner but disappear under the fore- 

 wings before the end of the 1st abdominal is reached. The legs are 

 prominent, the tips of the 3rd pair nearly reach the middle of the 2nd 

 abdominal, of the 2nd pair as far as the apices of the forewings, of the 

 1st pair to the middle of the 1st abdominal segment. The antenna? 

 are very broad compared with their length, and show large pectinations. 

 The sexual organs are well-marked. The femora (really coxa? ?) of the 

 1st legs very large, filling up the space between the front legs. The 

 head is remarkable for what appears to be the labrum, so that its base 

 extends upwards to the upper margin of eyes which are large. If the 

 head were divided into four equal zones by three transverse lines the 

 first two would consist of the face (clypeus ?) carrying the antenna?, 

 the next would be the labrum and two eyes, the three nearly equal in 

 size but the labrum largest ; the third would be the labrum and maxilla. 

 The face carries one antenna-basal bristle and one just above labrum 

 on either side. The labrum has one bristle on either side. The jaws 

 are very large, underlapping the labrum and carrying (or rather carried 

 by) a basal process extending upwards between eyes and labrum. 

 Labium in one piece, somewhat square, with lower angles cut off, and 

 a shallow central notch on lower margin, a small process at bottom of 

 notch as though remains of a spinneret. 



Habits and Habitat. — No male of this species is yet known, and the 

 female is parthenogenetic. It appears to emerge at night or in the early 

 morning, and, apparently without waiting for copulation, commences 

 to lay its eggs in the pupal skin, which is wholly retained within the 

 larval case on emergence. Some cases that Chapman obtained at 

 Bignasco produced $ s that were, however, peculiar in their habits, 

 for, although undoubted ferchaultella, they had, Bacot observed, the 

 ordinary " calling " habit of the ? of L. lapidella. Chapman 

 considers, therefore, that ferchaultella is possibly, in some of its 

 continental localities, less exclusively parthenogenetic than it ap- 



